William III, Duke of Luxembourg
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Judenkopf Groschen

William III (April 30, 1425 – September 17, 1482), called the Brave (in German Wilhelm der Tapfere), was Landgrave of Thuringia (from 1445) and Duke of Luxemburg (from 1457).

He was a younger son of Frederick I the Warlike, elector of Saxony, and Catharine of Brunswick-Lüneburg. On June 2, 1446 he married Anne of Luxembourg, daughter of Albert II, King of Germany, Bohemia and Hungary and Elisabeth of Luxembourg. On behalf of his wife, he became Duke of Luxembourg from 1457 to 1469. They had two daughters, Margarethe of Saxony (1449-1501) and Katharina of Saxony (1453 – 10 July 1534), who married to Duke Henry II of Münsterberg

William minted a silver groschen known as the Judenkopf Groschen. Its obverse portrait shows a man with a pointed beard wearing a Jewish hat, which the populace took as depicting a typical Jew.