For discussions that have not been well archived (before 2004), the page history of the Articles for deletion page has to be used as a contingency archive. One can look in the Deletion log to obtain date and time of a deletion, then look in the page history of VfD near that time to see which edit regards the unlisting of the page, then view the previous version.
If you find any other pages which contain detailed discussions on whether or not to delete an article, please link them here.