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| Vernolic acid | |
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| IUPAC name | (+)-(12S,13R)-Epoxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid |
| Other names | Linoleic acid 12:13-oxide |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C18H32O3 |
| Molar mass | 310.47 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless oil |
| Melting point |
23-25 °C |
| Solubility in water | insoluble in water |
| Solubility in other solvents | organic solvents |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | flammable |
| Related compounds | |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Vernolic acid is an organic compound and a fatty acid. This monounsaturated long chain carboxylic acid contains an epoxide. This isomer of coronaric acid was first definitively characterized in 1954.[1] It is the key component in vernonia oil, which is produced in abundance by the genuses Vernonia and Euphorbia and is a potentially useful biofeed stock.
Vernonia oil
Vernonia oil is extracted from the seeds of the Vernonia galamensis (or ironweed), a plant native to eastern Africa. The seeds contain about 40 to 42% oil of which 73 to 80% is vernolic acid. The best varieties of V. anthelmintica contain about 30% less vernolic acid. Products that can be made from vernonia oil include epoxies for manufacturing adhesives, varnishes and paints, and industrial coatings. Its low viscosity recommends its use as a nonvolatile solvent in oil-based paints since it will become incorporated in the dry paint rather than evaporating into the air.[2]
This use of vernonia oil offers potential environmental benefits, since its use could reduce emissions associated with man-made chemicals.
In its application as an epoxy oil,[3] vernonia oil competes with soybean or linseed oil, which supply most of the market for these applications. Vernonia oil is claimed to have superior qualities in this application, compared to these oils.[4]
References
- ^ Gunstone F. D. “Fatty acids. Part II. The nature of the oxygenated acid present in Vernonia anthelmintica (Willd.) seed oil” Journal of the Chemical Society, 1954, pages 1611 – 1616. {DOI|10.1039/JR9540001611}}.
- ^ T.M. Teynor et al. "Vernonia", Alternative Field Crops Manual. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
- ^ A.I Mohamed, T. Mebrahtu, and T. Andebrhan (1999). "Variability in oil and vernolic acid contents in the new Vernonia galamensis collection from East Africa". Perspectives on new crops and new uses: 272–274. Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
- ^ David A. Dierig. "Vernonia". Retrieved on 2006-09-10.
See also
http://www.cyberlipid.org/index.htm
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