Upper extremity of radius

Upper extremity of radius
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Upper_extremity_of_radius".

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Bone: Upper extremity of radius

The radius and ulna of the left forearm, posterior surface. The top is proximal (elbow) and bottom is distal (wrist).
Gray's	subject #52 219

The upper extremity of the radius (or proximal extremity) presents a head, neck, and tuberosity.

The radial head has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum (or capitellum) of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination.

The head is supported on a round, smooth, and constricted portion called the neck, on the back of which is a slight ridge for the insertion of part of the supinator muscle.

Beneath the neck, on the medial side, is an eminence, the radial tuberosity; its surface is divided into a posterior, rough portion, for the insertion of the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle, and an anterior, smooth portion, on which a bursa is interposed between the tendon and the bone.

Additional images

Capsule of elbow-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.

Annular ligament of radius, from above.

The Supinator.

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e Bones of upper limbs

Pectoral girdle, clavicle	conoid tubercle – trapezoid line – costal tuberosity – subclavian groove

Scapula	fossae (subscapular, supraspinatous, infraspinatous) – suprascapular notch – glenoid cavity tubercles (infraglenoid, supraglenoid) – spine of scapula – acromion – coracoid process borders (superior, lateral/axillary, medial/vertebral) – angles (superior, inferior, lateral)

Humerus	upper extremity: necks (anatomical, surgical) – tubercles (greater, lesser) – intertubercular sulcus body: radial sulcus – deltoid tuberosity lower extremity: capitulum – trochlea – epicondyles (lateral, medial) – supracondylar ridges (lateral, medial) – fossae (radial, coronoid, olecranon)

Forearm	radius: upper extremity (head, tuberosity) – body – lower extremity (ulnar notch, styloid process) ulna: upper extremity (tuberosity, olecranon, coronoid process, radial notch, trochlear notch) – body – lower extremity (head, styloid process)

Hand	carpus: scaphoid – lunate – triquetral – pisiform – trapezium – trapezoid – capitate – hamate (hamulus) metacarpus: 1st metacarpal – 2nd – 3rd – 4th – 5th phalanges of the hand: proximal – intermediate – distal

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