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| Sergei Chetverikov | |
| Born | 6 May 1880 Moscow, Russia |
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| Died | July 2, 1959 (aged 79) Gorky, USSR |
| Residence |  Russia USSR |
| Citizenship | Russian |
| Ethnicity | Russian |
| Fields | Biology, genetics, theory of evolution |
| Institutions | Nikolai Koltsov Institute of Experimental Biology |
Sergei Sergeevich Chetverikov (Сергей Сергеевич Четвериков, 1880-1959) was one of the early contributors to the development of the field of genetics. His research showed how early genetic theories applied to natural populations, and has therefore contributed towards the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory. Some of Chetverikov's ideas have stood the test of time, and some have not: he was generally right about mutation and the importance of natural selection, but wrong in his opinions on polymorphism. However, to have entered this field at all at that time was noteworthy.
Between the two World Wars, Russian biological research managed to connect genetics with field research on natural populations. Chetverikov lead a team at the Koltsov Institute in Moscow, and in 1926 produced what should have been one of the landmark papers of the modern evolutionary synthesis. However, published only in Russian, it was largely ignored in the English-speaking world (though J.B.S. Haldane possessed a translation).
Chetverikov influenced several Russian geneticists who later came to work in the West, such as Theodosius Dobzhansky and Timofeev-Ressovsky, both of whom continued to work in a similar style. The significance of Chetverikov's work came to light much later, by which time the evolutionary synthesis was virtually complete. 1 2
Sergei Chetverikov worked at Nikolai Koltsov Institute of Experimental Biology. He was arrested by OGPU in 1929 and sent to exile to Yekaterinburg for five years. He later moved to Nizhny Novgorod and organized the Department of Genetics at Gorky University. He was dismissed from his post at the behest of Lysenko in 1948 3.
References
- ^ Adams, Mark. Sergei Chetverikov, the Kol'tsov Institute, and the evolutionary synthesis. In Mayr & Provine The Evolutionary Synthesis 1998.
- ^ Chetverikov S.S. On certain aspects of the evolutionary process from the standpoint of modern genetics. (transl. of 1921 paper by Malina Parker; ed I.M. Lerner) Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 105, 167-195. 1961.
- ^ Vadim J. Birstein. The Perversion Of Knowledge: The True Story of Soviet Science. Westview Press (2004) ISBN 0813342805
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