September 13
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "September_13".

September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 109 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 509 BC - The temple of Jupiter on Rome's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September.
• 122 - The building of Hadrian's Wall begins.
• 533 - General Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium, near Carthage, North Africa.
• 1224 - Francis of Assisi is afflicted with stigmata.
• 1440 - Gilles de Rais is finally taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
• 1503 - Michelangelo begins work on his statue of David.
• 1504 - Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.
• 1609 - Henry Hudson reached the river that would later be named after him - the Hudson River.
• 1743 - Great Britain, Austria and Savoy-Sardinia sign the Treaty of Worms (1743).
• 1759 - Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
• 1788 - The United States' Philadelphia Convention sets the date for the country's first presidential election, and New York City becomes the temporary capital of the U.S..
• 1791 - King Louis XVI of France accepts the new constitution.
• 1808 - Finnish War: In the Battle of Jutas, Swedish forces under Lieutenant General Georg Carl von Döbeln beat the Russians, making von Döbeln a Swedish war hero.
• 1814 - The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.
• 1814 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner
• 1847 - Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes die defending Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Union soldiers find a copy of Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland. It is the prelude to the Battle of Antietam.
• 1882 - The Battle of Tel el-Kebir is fought in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
• 1898 - Hannibal Goodwin patents celluloid photographic film.
• 1899 - Henry Bliss is the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident.
• 1899 - Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199m - 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.
• 1900 - Filipino resistance fighters defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.
• 1906 - First fixed-wing aircraft flight in Europe.
• 1914 - World War I: South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
• 1914 - World War I: The Battle of Aisne begins between Germany and France.
• 1922 - The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 57.7°C (135.9°F).
• 1923 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship.
• 1935 - Rockslide near Whirlpool Rapids Bridge ends the Great Gorge and International Railway.
• 1940 - World War II: German bombs damage Buckingham Palace.
• 1942 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Imperial Japanese Army with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.
• 1943 - Chiang Kai-shek elected president of the Republic of China.
• 1943 - The Municipal Theatre of Corfu is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by Luftwaffe.
• 1948 - Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.
• 1953 - Nikita Khrushchev appointed secretary-general of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1956 - The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.
• 1956 - IBM introduces the first computer disk storage unit, the RAMAC 305.
• 1968 - Albania leaves the Warsaw Pact.
• 1971 - State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt. 42 people die in the assault.
• 1979 - South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognised outside South Africa).
• 1987 - Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and leading some to die from radiation poisoning.
• 1988 - Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (based on barometric pressure).
• 1989 - Largest anti-Apartheid march in South Africa, led by Desmond Tutu.
• 1993 - Public unveiling of the Oslo Accords, an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement initiated by Norway.
• 1993 - Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin shakes hands with PLO chairman Yasser Arafat at the White House after signing an accord granting limited Palestinian autonomy.
• 1994 - Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.
• 1999 - Bomb explodes in Moscow, Russia. At least 119 people are killed.
• 2001 - Civilian aircraft traffic resumes in the U.S. after the September 11, 2001 attacks.
• 2006 - At Dawson College (Montreal), Kimveer Gill kills one student and wounds 19 others before committing suicide.
• 2008 - Hurricane Ike makes landfall on the Texas Gulf Coast of the United States, causing heavy damage to Galveston Island, Houston and surrounding areas.

Births

• 1087 - John II Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1143)
• 1475 - Cesare Borgia, Italian aristocrat (d. 1507)
• 1502 - John Leland, English antiquarian (d. 1552)
• 1520 - William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, English statesman (d. 1598)
• 1604 - William Brereton, English soldier and politician (d. 1661)
• 1676 - Élisabeth Charlotte of Orléans, Duchess of Lorraine (d. 1741)
• 1694 - Yeongjo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (d. 1776)
• 1739 - Grigori Potemkin, Russian statesman (d. 1791)
• 1766 - Samuel Wilson, possible namesake of Uncle Sam (d. 1854)
• 1775 - Laura Secord, Canadian war heroine (d. 1868)
• 1802 - Arnold Ruge, German philosopher and writer (d. 1880)
• 1813 - John Sedgwick, American Civil War general (d. 1864)
• 1819 - Clara Schumann, German pianist and composer (d. 1896)
• 1830 - Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach, Austrian writer (d. 1916)
• 1842 - John H. Bankhead, U.S. Senator (d. 1920)
• 1851 - Walter Reed, American physician and biologist (d. 1902)
• 1857 - Michał Drzymała, Polish peasant rebel (d. 1937)
• 1857 - Milton S. Hershey, American confectioner (d. 1945)
• 1860 - John J. Pershing, American general (d. 1948)
• 1863 - Arthur Henderson, British politician and union leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1935)
• 1873 - Constantin Carathéodory, Greek mathematician (d. 1950)
• 1874 - Henry Fountain Ashurst, American politician (d. 1962)
• 1874 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-born composer (d. 1951)
• 1876 - Sherwood Anderson, American writer (d. 1941)
• 1877 - Wilhelm Filchner, German explorer (d. 1957)
• 1877 - Stanley Lord, captain of the SS Californian the night of the Titanic disaster (d. 1962)
• 1882 - Ramón Grau, Cuban president (d. 1969)
• 1885 - Wilhelm Blaschke, Austrian geometer (d. 1962)
• 1886 - Sir Robert Robinson, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1975)
• 1886 - Amelie Beese, German aviator and sculptor. (d. 1925)
• 1887 - Lavoslav Ruzicka, Croatian chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1976)
• 1893 - Larry Shields, American musician (d. 1953)
• 1894 - J.B. Priestley, English playwright and novelist (d. 1984)
• 1894 - Julian Tuwim, Polish poet (d. 1953)
• 1895 - Morris Kirksey, American rugby player (d. 1981)
• 1899 - Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, leader of the Iron Guard (d. 1938)
• 1903 - Claudette Colbert, American actress (d. 1996)
• 1911 - Bill Monroe, American singer (d. 1996)
• 1916 - Roald Dahl, British writer (d. 1990)
• 1916 - Dick Haymes, Argentine vocalist (d. 1980)
• 1917 - Robert Ward, American composer
• 1919 - Mary Midgley, American philosopher
• 1922 - Charles Brown, American singer and pianist (d. 1999)
• 1923 - Edouard Boubat, French photographer (d. 1999)
• 1924 - Scott Brady, American film actor (d. 1985)
• 1924 - Harold Blair, Australian tenor, Aboriginal activist (d. 1976)
• 1924 - Maurice Jarre, French composer
• 1925 - Mel Tormé, American singer (d. 1999)
• 1926 - Emile Francis, Canadian ice hockey player and executive
• 1929 - Nicolai Ghiaurov, Bulgarian opera singer (d. 2004)
• 1930 - Robert Gavron, Baron Gavron, British printing millionaire
• 1931 - Barbara Bain, American actress
• 1933 - Eileen Fulton, American actress
• 1936 - Stefano Delle Chiaie, Italian neo-Nazi
• 1937 - Don Bluth, American animator
• 1938 - Judith Martin, American etiquette writer
• 1938 - John Smith, Labour Party Leader 1992 - 1994. (d. 1994)
• 1939 - Richard Kiel, American actor
• 1940 - Óscar Arias, Costa Rican politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1941 - Tadao Ando, Japanese architect
• 1941 - Ahmet Necdet Sezer, 10th President of Turkey
• 1941 - David Clayton-Thomas, Canadian singer (Blood, Sweat & Tears)
• 1944 - Jacqueline Bisset, British actress
• 1944 - Peter Cetera, American musician (Chicago)
• 1945 - Noël Godin, Belgian humorist
• 1945 - Andres Küng, Swedish-Estonian politician, journalist (d. 2002)
• 1946 - Frank Marshall, American film producer
• 1948 - Nell Carter, American actress (d. 2003)
• 1948 - Dimitri Nanopoulos, Greek physicist
• 1950 - Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Polish politician
• 1951 - Jean Smart, American actress
• 1952 - Randy Jones, American musician (The Village People)
• 1952 - Raymond O'Connor, American actor
• 1952 - Don Was, American singer
• 1955 - Joe Morris, American musician
• 1957 - Sally Boazman, BBC Radio 2 traffic presenter
• 1957 - John G. Trueschler, American politician
• 1957 - Vinny Appice, American musician (Black Sabbath, Dio, Heaven and Hell)
• 1960 - Greg Baldwin, American voiceover actor (Avatar: The Last Airbender)
• 1961 - Dave Mustaine, American musician (ex-Metallica, Megadeth)
• 1961 - KK Null, Japanese musician
• 1961 - Peter Roskam, Republican Congressman from Illinois
• 1962 - Tõnu Õnnepalu, Estonian poet and author
• 1963 - Theodoros Roussopoulos, Greek politician
• 1964 - Tavis Smiley, American talk show host, journalist and author
• 1965 - Zak Starkey, British musician
• 1965 - Annie Duke, American poker player
• 1965 - Jeffrey Ross, American Comedian
• 1966 - Maria Furtwängler, German physician
• 1966 - Louis Mandylor, Australian actor
• 1967 - Michael Johnson, American athlete
• 1967 - Tim 'Ripper' Owens, American singer (Iced Earth, ex-Judas Priest)
• 1968 - Brad Johnson, American football player
• 1968 - Emma Sjöberg, Swedish model
• 1968 - Bernie Williams, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1969 - Tyler Perry, American actor
• 1969 - Ilka Knickenberg, German actress
• 1969 - Shane Warne, Australian cricketer
• 1970 - Martín Herrera, former Argentine footballer
• 1970 - Louise Lombard, British actress
• 1970 - Yuki Matsuoka, Japanese voice actress
• 1970 - Jason Scott Sadofsky, American programmer
• 1971 - Goran Ivanišević, Croatian tennis player
• 1971 - Manabu Namiki, Japanese composer
• 1971 - Stella McCartney, English fashion designer
• 1973 - Christine Arron, French runner
• 1973 - Fabio Cannavaro, Italian footballer
• 1973 - Kelly Chen, Chinese singer
• 1973 - Marcelinho Paulista, Brazilian footballer
• 1974 - Craig Rivet, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1974 - Keith Murray, American rapper
• 1974 - Éric Lapointe, Canadian football player
• 1975 - Joe Don Rooney, American musician (Rascal Flatts)
• 1975 - Akihiro Asai, Japanese racing driver
• 1976 - Giorgos Koltzos, Greek footballer
• 1976 - Craig McMillan, New Zealand cricketer
• 1976 - José Théodore, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 - Fiona Apple, American singer
• 1977 - Ivan De Battista, Maltese Actor, singer and composer
• 1977 - Daisuke Tsuda, Japanese singer (Maximum the Hormone)
• 1978 - Megan Henning, American actress
• 1978 - Darren Kenton, English footballer
• 1978 - Peter Sunde, Scandinavian Entrepreneur
• 1979 - Geike Arnaert, Belgian singer (Hooverphonic)
• 1979 - Ivan Miljković, Serbian volleyball player
• 1980 - Han Chae Young, South Korean actress
• 1980 - Daisuke Matsuzaka, Japanese baseball player
• 1980 - Evangelos Nastos, Greek footballer
• 1980 - Viren Rasquinha, Indian field hockey player
• 1980 - Ben Savage, American actor
• 1980 - Michelle Nolan, American musician (Straylight Run)
• 1980 - Teppei Teranishi, American guitarist (Thrice)
• 1981 - Koldo Fernández, Spanish cyclist
• 1981 - Angel Williams, Canadian wrestler
• 1981 - Antonio Lopez Spanish footballer
• 1982 - Nenê, Brazilian basketball player
• 1982 - Rickie Weeks, American baseball player
• 1982 - Miha Zupan, Slovenian basketball player
• 1983 - Sean Brosnan II, American actor and son of actor Pierce Brosnan
• 1983 - James Bourne, English musician
• 1984 - Nabil Abou-Harb, Arab-American filmmaker
• 1985 - Keyunta Dawson, National Football League player
• 1986 - Kamui Kobayashi, Japanese racing driver
• 1986 - Sean Williams, American basketball player
• 1987 - Luke Fitzgerald, Irish rugby union footballer
• 1988 - Keith Treacy, Irish footballer

Deaths

• 81 - Titus, Roman emperor (b. 39)
• 1321 - Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (b. 1265)
• 1438 - Duarte, King of Portugal (b. 1391)
• 1506 - Andrea Mantegna, Italian painter
• 1557 - John Cheke, English classical scholar and statesman (b. 1514)
• 1592 - Michel de Montaigne, French writer (b. 1533)
• 1598 - Philip II, King of Spain (b. 1526)
• 1632 - Leopold V, regent of the Tyrol (b. 1586)
• 1759 - James Wolfe, British general (b. 1727)
• 1766 - Benjamin Heath, English classical scholar (b. 1704)
• 1806 - Charles James Fox, English politician (b. 1749)
• 1808 - Saverio Bettinelli, Italian writer (b. 1718)
• 1813 - Hezqeyas of Ethiopia, deposed Emperor of Ethiopia
• 1847 - Nicolas Oudinot, French marshal (b. 1767)
• 1872 - Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach, German philosopher (b. 1804)
• 1881 - Ambrose Burnside, American Civil War general and politician (b. 1824)
• 1885 - Friedrich Kiel, Austrian composer (b. 1821)
• 1894 - Emmanuel Chabrier, French composer (b. 1841)
• 1904 - Raden Ayu Kartini, Indonesian national heroine (b. 1879)
• 1905 - René Goblet, French politician (b. 1828)
• 1912 - Maresuke Nogi, Japanese general (b. 1849)
• 1915 - Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (b. 1835)
• 1928 - Italo Svevo, Italian author (b. 1861)
• 1946 - Eugene Lanceray, Russian painter (b. 1875)
• 1946 - Amon Göth, commandant of Nazi concentration camp (b. 1908)
• 1949 - August Krogh, Danish zoophysiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1874)
• 1965 - Jean B. Fletcher, American architect (b. 1915)
• 1973 - Betty Field, American actress (b. 1913)
• 1976 - Albert Tessier, French Canadian priest, historian and film maker (b. 1895)
• 1976 - Armand Mondou, French Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1905)
• 1977 - Leopold Stokowski, English conductor (b. 1882)
• 1987 - Mervyn LeRoy, American film director (b. 1900)
• 1991 - Metin Oktay, Turkish football player (b. 1936)
• 1991 - Joe Pasternak, American film director (b. 1901)
• 1996 - Tupac Shakur, aka 2Pac, American rapper and actor (b. 1971)
• 1998 - Harry Lumley, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1926)
• 1998 - George Wallace, American politician (b. 1919)
• 1999 - Benjamin Bloom, American educational theorist (b. 1913)
• 2001 - Dorothy McGuire, American actress (b. 1916)
• 2003 - Frank O'Bannon, Governor of Indiana (b. 1930)
• 2004 - Luis E. Miramontes, Mexican chemist, co-inventor of the combined oral contraceptive pill (b. 1925)
• 2005 - Toni Fritsch, Austrian football and American football player (b. 1945)
• 2005 - Julio César Turbay Ayala, Colombian politician (b. 1916)
• 2006 - Ann Richards, 46th Governor of Texas (b. 1933)
• 2007 - Whakahuihui Vercoe, New Zealand clergyman (b. 1928)

Holidays and observances

• Roman festivals - epulum Iovis ("banquet of Jupiter"), on the Ides, during the Ludi Romani.
• RC Saints - St John Chrysostom.
• Also see September 13 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada