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The Senate of the Republic of Colombia (Spanish: Senado de la República de Colombia) is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia. The Senate has 102 members elected for concurrent (non-rotating) four-year terms.
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Election process
According to the Colombian Constitution of 1991, 100 senators (senadores) are elected from a single national candidate list. The remaining two are elected from a special list set aside for Indigenous peoples communities and Afro-Colombian minorities. Senators can be elected by Colombian citizens abroad.
Requirements
To be a senator, a person must be a natural-born Colombian citizen who has attained the age of 30 years at the moment of election.
Exclusive powers of the Senate
- Approve or reject the resignations of both the President and the Vice-President.
- Approve or reject all military rank promotion at all grades.
- Grant leaves of absence for the President in cases other than sickness, and determine whether the reasons for the leave are worthy.
- Allow for the transit of foreign troops through Colombian territory.
- Authorize the Government to declare war on a foreign nation.
- Elect the Constitutional Court justices.
- Elect the Attorney General.
Current senators and political parties
The present composition of the Senate of the Republic of Colombia was elected for the period between July 20, 2006 until July 20, 2010. Some 37 congressmen are under investigation for maintaining ties with the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia, some have been suspended from the senate while their respective investigations conclude. Many of these members have been separated indefinitely and condemned to serve prison time.
- Of the 102 elected congressman and women that took office on July 20, 2006. 52 were reelected for another term, 25 had previously served in the Chamber of Representatives of Colombia in the 2002-2006 term, 3 returned to the senate after a few years of absence and 22 were elected to congress for the first time.
Latest election
| Parties | % | Seats |
|---|---|---|
| Social National Unity Party/Party of the U (Partido Social de Unidad Nacional, also known as Partido de la U) | 17.49 | 20 |
| Colombian Conservative Party (Partido Conservador Colombiano) | 16.13 | 18 |
| Colombian Liberal Party (Partido Liberal Colombiano) | 15.52 | 18 |
| Radical Change (Cambio Radical) | 13.36 | 15 |
| Alternative Democratic Pole (Polo Democrático Alternativo) | 9.74 | 10 |
| Citizens' Convergence (Convergencia Ciudadana) | 6.25 | 7 |
| Wings - Team Colombia Movement (Movimiento Alas Equipo Colombia) | 4.68 | 5 |
| Democratic Colombia Party (Partido Colombia Demócratica) | 2.85 | 3 |
| Mira Movement (Movimiento Mira) | 2.35 | 2 |
| Living Colombia Movement (Movimiento Colombia Viva) | 2.46 | 2 |
| Let the Moreno play movement (Movimiento Dejen Jugar al Moreno) | 1.50 | 0 |
| C4 | 0.88 | 0 |
| Visionaries with Antanas Mockus (Visionarios con Antanas Mockus) | 0.77 | 0 |
| Comunitarian Participation Movement (Movimiento de Participación Comunitaria) | 0.56 | 0 |
| Communal and Comunitarian Movement of Colombia (Movimiento Comunal y Comunitario de Colombia) | 0.42 | 0 |
| Colombia Unite Movement (Movimiento Únete Colombia) | 0.17 | 0 |
| Independent Conservatism (Conservatismo Independiente) | 0.14 | 0 |
| National Democratic Reconstruction (Reconstrucción Democrática Nacional) | 0.08 | 0 |
| Progressive National Movement (Movimiento Nacional Progresista) | 0.09 | 0 |
| Indigenous Social Alliance (Alianza Social Indigena) | 2 | |
| Total valid votes (turnout 40.54%) | 102 | |
| Sources: Registraduria Nacional del Estado Civil, Caracol Radio | ||
| Parties | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indigenous Social Alliance (Alianza Social Indigena) | ASI | 44,557 | 28.27 | 1 |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia (Autoridades Indigenas de Colombia) | AICO | 21,304 | 13.52 | 1 |
| Total (turnout %) | ||||
| Source: Registraduria Nacional del Estado Civil.
Note: As the blank vote percentage was 58.21% (more than 50%), this special election must be repeated, with the same parties but different candidates [1] |
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Previous election
| Parties | Chamber | Senate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Seats | % | Seats | ||
| Colombian Liberal Party (Partido Liberal Colombiano) | PL | 31.3 | 54 | 30.6 | 28 |
| Colombian Conservative Party (Partido Conservador Colombiano) | PCC | 11.0 | 21 | 10.0 | 13 |
| Radical Change (Cambio Radical) | CR | 3.8 | 7 | 2.5 | 2 |
| Coalition (Coalición) | C | 2.8 | 11 | 6.3 | 6 |
| Team Colombia (Equipo Colombia) | MEC | 2.3 | 4 | 3.3 | 3 |
| Civic People's Convergence (Convergencia Popular Cívica) | CPC | 2.2 | 4 | 1.0 | 1 |
| Liberal Opening (Apertura Liberal) | AL | 2.0 | 5 | ||
| United People's Movement (Movimiento Popular Unido) | MPU | 1.5 | 2 | 2.0 | 2 |
| National Salvation Movement (Movimiento de Salvación Nacional) | MSN | 1.4 | 2 | 0.9 | 1 |
| Colombia Allways (Colombia Siempre) | CS | 1.3 | 3 | 2.9 | 2 |
| People's Participation Movement (Movimiento de Participación Popular) | MPP | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Renovation Movement Labour Action (Movimiento Renovación Acción Laboral) | MORAL | 1.1 | 2 | 1.7 | 2 |
| National Movement (Movimiento Nacional) | MN | 1.1 | 1 | 4.8 | 6 |
| People's Will Movement (Movimiento Voluntad Popular) | MVP | 1.1 | 2 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Progressive Force (Fuerza Progresista) | FP | 1.0 | 2 | 1.1 | 1 |
| Citizens' Convergence (Convergencia Ciudadana) | CC | 1.0 | 2 | 1.0 | 1 |
| Alterning Road (Vía Alterna) | VA | 0.9 | 1 | ||
| Social and Political Front (Frente Social y Politico) | FSP | 0.8 | 2 | 1.5 | 1 |
| Democratic Progressivity (Progresismo Democrático) | MPD | 0.8 | 2 | 0.5 | 1 |
| Republican Movement (Movimiento Republicano) | MR | 0.7 | 1 | ||
| Independent Conservatism (Conservatismo Independiente) | MCI | 0.7 | 1 | ||
| National Democratic Reconstruction (Reconstrucción Democrática Nacional) | RDN | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Community Participation (Participación Comununidad) | PC | 0.6 | 1 | ||
| Civic Purpose Colombia (Cívico Seriedad Colombia) | CSC | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Regional Integration Movement (Movimiento Integración Regional) | MIR | 0.5 | 2 | ||
| Christian National Party (Partido Nacional Cristiano]) | PNC | 0.4 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
| New Democratic Force (Nueva Fuerza Democrático) | NFD | 0.3 | 1 | 1.4 | 1 |
| Progressive National Movement (Movimiento Nacional Progresista) | MNP | 0.3 | 1 | 0.9 | 1 |
| New Liberalism (Nuevo Liberalismo) | NL | . | 2 | 1.0 | 2 |
| People's Integration Movement (Movimiento Integración Popular) | MIPOL | . | 2 | 3.0 | 4 |
| Unionist Movement (Movimiento Unionista) | MU | . | 2 | 0.9 | 1 |
| Moral and Social Vanguard Party Let's Go Golombia (Partido Vanguardia Moral y Social Vamos Colombia) | VC | . | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
| Huella Citizens's Movement (Movimiento Huella Ciudadana) | MHC | . | 2 | 0.7 | 1 |
| Colombian Community and Communal Political Movement (Movimiento Politico Comunal y Comunidad Colombiano) | MPCCC | . | 2 | 0.7 | 0 |
| Democratic Unity Party (Partido Unidad Democrática) | PUD | . | 1 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Indigenous Authorities of Colombia (Autoridades Indigenas de Colombia) | AICO | . | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
| Colombian Social Democratic Party (Partido Socialdemócrata Colombiano) | PSDC | . | 1 | 1.2 | 1 |
| Colombian People's Party (Partido Popular ColombianO) | PPC | . | 1 | ||
| Colombia Unite (Unete Colombia) | MUC | . | 1 | ||
| National People's Alliance (Alianza Nacional Popular) | Anapo | 1.4 | 1 | ||
| Indigenous Social Alliance Movement (Movimiento Alianza Social Indigena'as) | MASI | 1.2 | 1 | ||
| Alternative of Social Progress (Alternativa de Avanzada Social) | ALAS | 0.9 | 1 | ||
| Movimiento Dejen Jugar al Moreno | MDJM | 0.8 | 1 | ||
| Independent Absolute Renovation Movement (Movimiento Independiente Renovación Absolut) | MIRA | 0.8 | 1 | ||
| Political Movement for Social Security (Movimento Politico por la Seguridad Social) | MPSS | 0.8 | 1 | ||
| We are Colombia (Somos Colombia) | SC | 0.8 | 1 | ||
| Christians for Community (Cristiano por la Comunidad) | C4 | 0.7 | 1 | ||
| Yes Colombia (Si Colombia) | SC | 0.6 | 1 | ||
| Citizens' Movement (Moviemento Ciudadano) | MC | 0.6 | 1 | ||
| Front of Hope (Frente de Esperanza) | FE | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Revolutionary Independent Labour Movement (Movimiento Obrero Independiente Revolucionario ) | MOIR | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Independent Civic Movement (Movimiento Cívico Independiente) | MCI | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Citizens' Political Movement for Bocaya (Movimiento Politico Ciudadanos por Bocaya) | MPCB | 0.5 | 1 | ||
| Other parties | 1 | 2 | |||
| Total (turnout 42.4%) | |||||
| Source: Source: Registraduria Nacional del Estado Civil | |||||
External links
- Senate of Colombia official website
- Congreso Visible - civilian oversight program
- Democracia a distancia - oversight program for Colombian expatriates
