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Renaissance philosophy was the period of the history of philosophy in Europe that falls roughly between the Middle Ages and the Enlightenment. It includes the 15th century; some scholars extend it to as early as the 1350s or as late as the 16th century or early 17th century, overlapping the Reformation and the early modern era. Among the distinctive elements of Renaissance philosophy are the revival (renaissance means "rebirth") of classical civilization and learning; a partial return to the authority of Plato over Aristotle, who had come to dominate later medieval philosophy; and, among some philosophers, enthusiasm for the occult and Hermeticism.
As with all periods, there is a wide drift of dates, reasons for categorization and boundaries. In particular, the Renaissance, more than later periods, is thought to begin in Italy with the Italian Renaissance and roll through Europe. The English Renaissance is often thought to include Shakespeare, at a time when Italy had passed through Mannerism and to the Baroque. As importantly the 16th century is split differently (see lumpers and splitters). Some historians see the Reformation and Counter-Reformation as being separated from the Renaissance and more important for philosophy, while others see the entire era as one sweeping period.
List of famous philosophers from the Renaissance
- Petrarch (1304-1374)
- Leonardo Bruni (1374-1444)
- Lorenzo Valla (1405-1457)
- Marsilio Ficino (1433-1499)
- Pietro Pomponazzi (1462-1525)
- Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494)
- Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536)
- Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527)
- Copernicus (1473-1543)
- Thomas More (1478-1535)
- Francisco de Vitoria (c.1480–1546)
- Martin Luther (1483-1546)
- Juan Luis Vives (1492-1540)
- Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592)
- Giordano Bruno (1548-1600)
- Francisco Suárez (1548-1617)
- Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
- Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
- Nicholas of Cusa (1401 – 1464)
- Tommaso Campanella (1568 – 1639)
- Franciscus Patricius (1529 - 1597)
- Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
- Micheal Marcardies (1583-1646)
- Thomas Hobbes (1588 - 1679)
- René Descartes (1596-1650)
- Huldrych Zwingli (1484-1531)
- William Tyndale (1494 – 1536)
Movements of Note
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