Prilocaine

Prilocaine
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Prilocaine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-propylamino-propanamide
Identifiers
CAS number	721-50-6
ATC code	N01BB04
PubChem	4906
DrugBank	APRD00180
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₃H₂₀N₂O
Mol. mass	220.311 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	55%
Metabolism	Hepatic and renal
Half life	10-150 minutes, longer with impaired hepatic or renal function
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	B (U.S.)
Legal status
Routes	?

Prilocaine (pronounced /ˈpraɪloʊkeɪn/) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type. In its injectable form (trade name Citanest), it is often used in dentistry. It is also often combined with lidocaine as a preparation for dermal anesthesia (lidocaine/prilocaine or EMLA). As it has low cardiac toxicity, it is commoly used for intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA).

In some patients, a metabolite of prilocaine may cause the unusual side-effect of methaemoglobinaemia. And may be treated with methylene blue.

Maximum dosage for dental use: 6.0mg/kg (2.7mg/lb), with a maximum dose of 400mg.

v • d • e Anesthetics: Local anesthetics - primarily sodium channel blockers (N01B)

Esters of aminobenzoic acid	Amylocaine, Benzocaine, Butacaine, Chloroprocaine, Dimethocaine, Meprylcaine, Metabutozycaine, Orthocaine, Propoxycaine, Procaine, Proparacaine, Risocaine, Tetracaine

Amides	Articaine, Bupivacaine, Carticaine, Cinchocaine, Etidocaine, Levobupivacaine, Lidocaine, Mepivacaine, Prilocaine, Ropivacaine, Trimecaine

Esters of benzoic acid	3-(p-Fluorobenzoyl)tropane, Cocaine, Cyclomethycaine, Piperocaine

Other	Hexylcaine, Iontocaine, Lidocaine/prilocaine

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