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| President of Romania | |
 Coat of arms of Romania |
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| Residence | Cotroceni Palace |
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| Term length | five years (renewable once; terms may be consecutive) |
| Inaugural holder | Constantin I. Parhon (the first republican head of state) Nicolae Ceauşescu (the first to officially bear the title) |
| Formation | 1948 March 29, 1974 |
| Website | www.presidency.ro |
The President of Romania is the head of state of Romania. The President is directly elected by a two-round system for a five-year term (since 2004, after the Constitution was modified in 2003). He or she can serve two terms. During his term in office, the President must not be a member of any political party.
The current President of Romania is Traian Basescu since 20 December 2004. On 20 April 2007 he was suspended from office. He re-assumed the office on 23 May 2007.
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Suspension
If the incumbent President violates severely the Constitution, he (or she) can be suspended from function by the Parliament in joint session. If the suspension motion passes, there is a call for a referendum of dismissal within no more than 30 days from the suspension.
If the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, in joint session, accuses the President of high treason, he (or she) is suspended from function by right. The judging of these accusations enter the competence of the High Court of Cassation and Justice. The incumbent President is dismissed by right if he (or she) is found guilty of high treason.
The first President to be suspended was the incumbent Traian Băsescu, on 20 April 2007. He re-assumed the office on 23 May 2007, after the Referendum held on 19 May 2007.
Succession
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If the office of President becomes vacant (resignation or death), or the incumbent president is suspended from office, the first to replace him (or her) as Ad Interim President of Romania (Romanian: Preşedinte Interimar al României) is the President of the Senate. If he (or she) is unable or unwilling to do so, the next one is the President of the Chamber of Deputies. Neither one loses their statute of President of the Legislative's House. During the Ad Interim presidency, the Ad Interim President of Romania cannot address the Parliament, dissolve the Parliament, nor call for a referendum.
List of Presidents of Romania (1947-Present)
Peoples Republic Romania (1947-1966) Socialist Republic of Romania (1966-1989)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Romanian People's Republic
| Name | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constantin Ion Parhon | 30 December 1947 | 13 April 1948 | Romanian Communist Party (until 1948), Romanian Workers' Party (since 1948) |
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Great National Assembly
| Name | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constantin I. Parhon | 13 April 1948 | 2 June 1952 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| Petru Groza | 3 June 1952 | 7 January 1958 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| Mihail Sadoveanu (acting) | 7 January 1958 | 11 January 1958 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| + Anton Moisescu (acting) | 7 January 1958 | 11 January 1958 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| Ion Gheorghe Maurer | 11 January 1958 | 21 March 1961 | Romanian Workers' Party |
Presidents of the Council of State
| Name | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej | 21 March 1961 | 19 March 1965 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| Ion Gheorghe Maurer (acting) | 19 March 1965 | 24 March 1965 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| + Ştefan Voitec (acting) | 19 March 1965 | 24 March 1965 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| + Avram Bunaciu (acting) | 19 March 1965 | 24 March 1965 | Romanian Workers' Party |
| Chivu Stoica | 24 March 1965 | 9 December 1967 | Romanian Workers' Party (until 1965), Romanian Communist Party (since 1965) |
| Nicolae Ceauşescu | 9 December 1967 | 28 March 1974 | Romanian Communist Party |
President
| Name | Term start | Term end | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nicolae Ceauşescu | 28 March 1974 | 22 December 1989 (deposed in Romanian Revolution) | Romanian Communist Party |
Romania (1989-Present)
The title is "President of Romania" (Romanian: Preşedintele României). Article 84 of the Romanian Constitution forbids the President to be member of any political party during his (or her) term (only).
| Name | Term start | Term end |
|---|---|---|
| Council of the National Salvation Front | 22 December 1989 | 26 December 1989 |
| Ion Iliescu (1st time) (President of the Council of the National Salvation Front until 13 February 1990; President of the Provisional National Unity Council from 13 February 1990) | 26 December 1989 | 20 June 1990 |
| Ion Iliescu (2nd time) | 20 June 1990 | 29 November 1996 |
| Emil Constantinescu | 29 November 1996 | 20 December 2000 |
| Ion Iliescu (3rd time) | 20 December 2000 | 20 December 2004 |
| Traian Băsescu | 20 December 2004 | 19 April 2007 (suspended) |
| Nicolae Văcăroiu (ad interim) | 20 April 2007 | 23 May 2007 |
| Traian Băsescu | 23 May 2007 (resumed office) | Present |
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