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Yuan mongols conquered the kingdom of Mien. But they had to invade Myanmar several times in order to assert full control over the territory.
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Mongol invasion of 1277
Main article: Battle of Ngasaunggyan
Conflict of 1283
Main article: Battle of Bhamo
Yuan troops under yunnan governor Naser ad-Din attacked Bhamo and they quickly defeated Burmese army in 1283. King of Mien fled to the mountain with his subjects. He wished Mongols to go back and return when crop was good.
Mongol invasion of Burma 1287
Main article: Battle of Pagan
Mongol attempt to support local lords
When the Shans, a Mongoloid Thai group in north-east Burma, overthrew the Mongol puppet government at Pagan, which established after the battle of Pagan on the Irrawaddy River, a small Mongol army was dispatched to reestablish control of the area in 1300. However, Burmese nobles reasserted control over some territories in Burma with Mongols and drove out Thais. But at the another fortified, three-walled town of Myinsaing, Shan forces checked the Mongols, of whom about 500 were killed in battle. The Shan leaders, fearful of possible Mongol reinforcements, offered the Mongol commander a large bribe; he accepted it and withdrew with his army to Yunnan province in southwestern China. Later, the Mongol commander was executed by Yunnan's governor for his actions; the Mongols, however, decided not to invade again. But also yuan army lost 3000 soldiers due to epidemics and heat.
References
- J.Bor "History of diplomatic relations of Mongol-Eurasia" Vol. II
- Rene Grousset "The Empire of the Steppes - Attila, Chingis khan and Tamerlane" ISBN 9780813513041
