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Meyer-Wempe
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Meyer-Wempe" .
The Meyer-Wempe romanization system was developed by two Catholic missionaries in Hong Kong , Bernhard F. Meyer and Theodore F. Wempe , during the 1920s and 1930s for romanizing Standard Cantonese .
p
[p]
p'
[pʰ]
m
[m]
f
[f]
t
[t]
t'
[tʰ]
n
[n]
l
[l]
k
[k]
k'
[kʰ]
ng
[ŋ]
h
[h]
ts
[ts]
ts'
[tsʰ]
s
[s]
ch
[tɕ]
ch'
[tɕʰ]
sh
[ɕ]
kw
[kw]
k'w
[kʰw]
i, y
[j]
oo, w
[w]
The distinction between the alveolar sibilants ([ts] , [tsʰ] , and [s] ) and alveolo-palatal sibilants ([tɕ] , [tɕʰ] , and [ɕ] ) has been lost in modern Cantonese, though the distinction still existed at the time this system was devised. See Standard Cantonese for more information.
a
[aː]
aai
[aːi]
aau
[aːu]
aam
[aːm]
aan
[aːn]
aang
[aːŋ]
aap
[aːp]
aat
[aːt]
aak
[aːk]
ai
[ɐi]
au
[ɐu]
am, om
[ɐm]
an
[ɐn]
ang
[ɐŋ]
ap, op
[ɐp]
at
[ɐt]
ak
[ɐk]
e
[ɛː]
ei
[ei]
eng
[ɛːŋ]
ek
[ɛːk]
i
[iː]
iu
[iːu]
im
[iːm]
in
[iːn]
ing
[ɪŋ]
ip
[iːp]
it
[iːt]
ik
[ɪk]
oh
[ɔː]
oi
[ɔːi]
o
[ou]
on
[ɔːn]
ong
[ɔːŋ]
ot
[ɔːt]
ok
[ɔːk]
oo
[uː]
ooi
[uːi]
oon
[uːn]
ung
[ʊŋ]
oot
[uːt]
uk
[ʊk]
oeh
[œː]
ui
[ɵy]
un
[ɵn]
eung
[œːŋ]
ut
[ɵt]
euk
[œːk]
ue
[yː]
uen
[yːn]
uet
[yːt]
m
[m̩]
ng
[ŋ̩]
The finals m and ng can only be used as standalone nasal syllables.
Tones
Unlike most Cantonese romanization systems, Meyer-Wempe indicates the entering tones, for a total of ten tones.
Tone description
Example
upper even
a
upper rising
á
upper going
à
middle entering
àt
upper even
a
upper entering
at
low even
ā
lower rising
ǎ
lower going
â
lower entering
ât
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