Manganin foil and wire is used in the manufacture of resistors, particularly ammeter shunts, because of its virtually zero temperature coefficient of resistance value[1] and long term stability. Several Manganin resistors served as the legal standard for the ohm in the United States from 1901 to 1990.[2] Manganin wire is also used as an electrical conductor in cryogenic systems, minimizing heat transfer between points which need electrical connections.