List of state leaders in 1681
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1680 state leaders - Events of 1681 - 1682 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Dahomey - Houegbadja, King of Dahomey (1645-1685)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes I, Emperor of Ethiopia (1667-1682)

Asia

• China (Qing Dynasty) - Kangxi, Emperor of China (1662-1722)
• Japan -
  • Monarch - Reigen, Emperor of Japan (1663-1687)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Shogun of Japan (1680-1709)
  • Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Tei, King of Ryūkyū (1669-1709)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Sukjong, King of Joseon (1674-1720)
• Taiwan (Dongning) -
  1. Zheng Jing, Ruler of Dongning (1662-1681)
  2. Zheng Keshuang, Ruler of Dongning (1681-1683)

Europe

• Denmark–Norway - Christian V, King of Denmark (1670-1699)
• England - Charles II, King of England (1660-1685)
• France - Louis XIV, King of France (1643-1715)
• Holy Roman Empire - Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1658-1705)
• Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland (1674-1696)
• Portugal - Pedro II, King of Portugal (1667-1706)
• Russia - Feodor III, Tsar of Russia (1676-1682)
• Savoy - Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy (1675-1730)
• Scotland - Charles II, King of Scotland (1660-1685)
• Spain - Charles II, King of Spain (1665-1700)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581-1795)
  • Stadtholder - Prince William III of Orange, Stadtholder of Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1672-1702)
    • Holland - Grand Pensionary Gaspar Fagel of Holland (1672-1688)

Middle East and North Africa

• Morocco - Al-Harrani, Abu'l Abbas Ahmad I, and Ismail, Joint Sultan of Morocco (1672-1684)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Mehmed IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1648-1687)
  • Grand Vizier - Kara Mustafa, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1676-1683)
• Safavid Empire - Suleiman I Shah of Iran (1666-1694)