Duquet returned to Lower Canada in July 1838 after an amnesty was proclaimed. He then helped recruit members for the frères chasseurs and organized a lodge at Châteauguay. He was captured with Joseph-Narcisse Cardinal at Caughnawaga when they attempted to get weapons from the native people there. At a trial in November 1838, he was sentenced to death for the crime of high treason with a recommendation for executive clemency. He was hanged at Montreal in December 1838 and buried in the old Catholic cemetery there. In 1858, his remains were moved to the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery and buried under a monument dedicated to the Patriotes of 1837-8.