Zinnen was born in Neuerburg, in the PrussianRhineland, close to the border with Luxembourg. When he was six, his family moved in Luxembourg. After serving as a musician in the army, he naturalised as a Luxembourgian citizen in 1849. In 1852, Zinnen was appointed Luxembourg City's director of music, and, soon after, director of the city conservatoire.
He died in Neuilly-sur-Marne, France, at the age of 61, and was buried in Limpertsberg, Luxembourg City. Two years after his death, a monument was constructed at the churchyard in which he is buried, paid for by private donations.