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This article contains Japanese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of kanji or kana. |
Contents |
Repetition marks
Main article: Iteration mark
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 々 | 2139 | 1-1-25 | 3005 | noma (ノマ)
kuma |
Kanji repetition mark. |
| 仝 | 2138 | 1-1-24 | 4EDD | dō no jiten (同の字点) | |
| ヽ | 2152 | 1-1-19 | 30FD | katakanagaeshi (かたかながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Katakana iteration mark. |
| ヾ | 2153 | 1-1-20 | 30FE | katakanagaeshi (かたかながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Katakana iteration mark with a dakuten. |
| ゝ | 2154 | 1-1-21 | 309D | hiraganagaeshi (ひらがながえし)
kurikaeshi (くりかえし) |
Hiragana iteration mark. For example はは (haha) could be written はゝ. |
| ゞ | 2136 | 1-1-22 | 309E | hiraganagaeshi (ひらがながえし)
kurikaeshi |
Hiragana iteration mark. For example はば (haba) could be written はゞ. |
| 〃 | 2137 | 1-1-23 | 3003 |
nonoten (ノノ点) |
Ditto mark. It is called nonoten because it looks like two katakana nos. |
| 〱 | NONE | NONE | 3031 | Kana vertical repetition mark. | |
| 〲 | NONE | NONE | 3032 | Kana vertical repetition mark with dakuten. | |
| 〳
〵 |
NONE | 1-2-19 (top), 1-2-21 (bottom) | 3033 (top), 3035 (bottom) | kunojiten (くの字点) | Repetition mark used in vertical writing. It means repeat the previous two or more kana. |
| 〴
〵 |
NONE | 1-2-20 (top), 1-2-21 (bottom) | 3034 (top), 3035 (bottom) | kunojiten (くの字点) | This is the kunojiten mark with dakuten. |
Brackets and quotation marks (kakko 括弧)
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 「」 | 2156, 2157 | 1-1-54, 1-1-55 | 300C | kagi (鉤, "hook")
kagikakko (鉤括弧, "hook brackets") |
These are the usual Japanese quotation marks. |
| 『』 | 2158, 2159 | 1-1-56, 1-1-57 | 300E | kagi (鉤)
nijūkagikakko (二重鉤括弧, "double hook brackets") |
Japanese version of double quotes, often used when indicating a book title. |
| （） | 2169, 216A | 1-1-42, 1-1-43 | pāren (パーレン, "parenthesis") kakko (括弧) |
||
| 〔〕 | 216C, 216E | 1-1-44, 1-1-45 | 3014 | kikkō (亀甲, "tortoise shell") | Used to insert comments into quoted text. |
| ［］ | 216D, 216E | 1-1-46, 1-1-47 | kakko kagikakko (かぎかっこ) |
||
| ｛｝ | 216F, 2170 | 1-1-48, 1-1-49 | burēsu (ブレース, "brace")
namikakko (波括弧, "wave brackets") |
||
| 〈〉 | 2171, 2172 | 1-1-50, 1-1-51 | 3008 | kakko
yamakakko (山括弧, "hill brackets") |
The name gyume is a Japanese version of guillemets. |
| 《》 | 2173, 2174 | 1-1-52, 1-1-53 | 300A | kakko
nijūyamakakko (二重山括弧, "double hill brackets") |
|
| 【】 | 2179, 217A | 1-1-58, 1-1-59 | 3010, 3011 | kakko sumitsukikakko (すみつきかっこ) |
Used in headings, for example in dictionary definitions. |
| 〖〗 | None | 1-2-58, 1-2-59 | 3016 | ||
| 〘〙 | None | 1-2-56, 1-2-57 | 3018 | ||
| 〚〛 | None | None | 301A |
Phonetic marks (hatsuonkigō 発音記号)
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| っ | 2443 | 1-4-35 | 3063 | sokuon (促音, “double consonant”) | Doubles the sound of the next consonant. For example, "かた"/kata/ becomes "かった"/katːa/ |
| ー | 213C | 1-1-28 | 30FC | chōon (長音, “long sound”)
bōsen (棒線, “bar line”) |
Indicates a lengthened vowel sound. Often used with katakana. The direction of writing depends on the direction of text. See yokogaki and tategaki. |
| ゛ | 212B | 1-1-11 | 309B | dakuten (濁点, “voiced point”)
|
Used with hiragana or katakana to indicate a voiced sound. For example, this mark changes ta to da and shi to ji. |
| ゜ | 212C | 1-1-12 | 309C | handakuten (半濁点, “half-voiced point”)
handaku (半濁, “half-voiced”) maru (丸, “circle”) |
Used with hiragana or katakana to indicate a change from a hahifuheho sound to a papipupepo sound. |
Punctuation marks (kutōten 句読点)
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 。 | 2123 | 1-1-3 | 3002 | kuten (句点, "sentence point", period) maru (丸, "small ball") |
Marks the end of a sentence. Japanese equivalent of a full stop or period. |
| 、 | 2122 | 1-1-4 | 3001 | tōten (読点, "reading point") | Japanese equivalent of a comma. |
| ・ | 2126 | 1-1-6 | 30FB | nakaguro (中黒, "middle black")
potsu (ぽつ) |
Used to separate items in lists and separate foreign words. For example, if "ビルゲイツ" is written instead of "ビル・ゲイツ", a Japanese person unfamiliar with the names might have difficulty understanding which part represents the given name and which one represents the surname. |
Other special marks
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 〆 | 213A | 1-1-26 | 3006 | shime (しめ) | This character is used to write shime in
shimekiri (deadline) etc. |
| 〜 | 2141 | 1-1-33 | 301C | nyoro (にょろ)
naishi (ないし) |
Used in "to from" constructions in Japanese, such as 月〜金曜日 "from Monday to Friday".
In horizontal writing and on computers, the fullwidth tilde ～ (Unicode FF5E) is often substituted. |
| … | 2144 | 1-1-36 | 2026 | tensen (点線, "dot line")
|
A line of dots corresponding to one half of a Japanese ellipsis; also used as an ellipsis informally. |
| ‥ | 2145 | 1-1-37 | 2025 | tensen (点線, "dot line")
|
Seldom used. |
| ヶ | 2576 | 1-5-86 | 30F6 | A simplified version of the kanji 箇 (the generic counter), most commonly used in indicating a period of months (example: 一ヶ月, one month) or in place names. See small ke. | |
| • ◦ |
NONE | 1-3-32 1-3-31 |
2022 25E6 |
bōten (傍点, "side dot")
|
Adding these dots to the sides of characters emphasizes the character in question. It is the Japanese equivalent of the use of italics for emphasis in English. |
| ※ | 21A6 | 1-2-8 | 203B | kome (米, "rice")
|
This symbol is used in notes (chū, 注) as a reference mark, similar to an asterisk. See also jekai's page about komejirushi. |
| ＊ | 2196 | 1-1-86 | FF0A | hoshijirushi (星印, "star symbol")
|
This symbol is used in notes (chū, 注). See also jekai's page about komejirushi. |
| 〽 | NONE | 1-3-28 | 303D | ioriten (庵点) | This mark is used to show the start of a singer's part of a song. For more details, see jeKai's page on the ioriten. |
| 〓 | 222E | 1-2-14 | 3013 | geta kigō (ゲタ記号, “geta symbol”) | The name is from geta, a type of Japanese shoe. A proofreader's mark indicating unavailability of a glyph, such as when a character cannot be displayed on a computer. |
| ♪ ♫ ♬ ♩ |
2276 | 1-2-86 1-2-91 1-2-92 1-2-93 |
266A 266B 266C 2669 |
onpu (音符, “musical note”) | Used much like an emoticon in informal text to indicate a singsong tone of voice or a playful attitude. |
Organization-specific symbols
| Symbol | JIS X 0208 | JIS X 0213 | Unicode | name or names | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 〒 | 2229 | 1-2-9 | 3012 | yūbin (郵便) | Used to indicate post offices on maps, and printed before postcodes. See also Japanese addressing system and Japan Post. |
| 〶 | 3036 | Variant postal mark in a circle. | |||
| 〠 | 1-6-70 | 3020 | Variant postal mark with a face. | ||
| 〄 | None | None | 3004 | jisumāku (ジスマーク, "JIS mark")
|
This mark on a product shows that it complies with a Japanese Industrial Standard. |
| Ⓧ | 24CD | This mark on a music or print publication is used to indicate the last date at which the item must be sold at a fixed price under saihan seido, Japan's resale price maintenance system.citation needed Sometimes it is printed as just an uncircled "X". | |||
| Ⓨ | 24CE | This mark on a music or print publication is used to indicate the first date at which the item must be sold at a fixed price under saihan seido, Japan's resale price maintenance system.citation needed It is typically the item's release date for music, or the publication date for print matter. On music releases, this mark may be absent, and the years 1984–1990 may be indicated by the letters "N", "I", "H", "O", "R", "E", and "C". Sometimes it is printed as just an uncircled "Y". |
See also
