Immune receptor

Immune receptor
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Immune_receptor".

An immune receptor (or immunologic receptor) is a receptor, usually on a cell membrane, which binds to a substance (for example, a cytokine) and causes a response in the immune system.

One class of non-self molecules are called antigens (short for antibody generators) and are defined as substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response.

content

1 Types
2 See also
3 References
4 External links

Types

The main receptors in the immune system are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs), complement receptors, Fc receptors, B cell receptors and T cell receptors. ^[1]

Comparison
Receptor	Bind to ^[2]	Function^[2]
pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)	pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)	inflammation --> destroying pathogen
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)		Mediate cytokine production --> inflammation and guiding immune cells to the site
killer activated and killer inhibitor receptors (KARs and KIRs)		Avails NK cells to identify abnormal host cells (KAR) or inhibit inappropriate host cell destruction (KIR)
complement receptors	complement proteins on e.g. microbes	Allow phagocytic and B cells to recognize microbes and immune complexes
Fc receptors	epitope-antibody complexes	Stimulate fagocytosis
B cell receptors	epitopes	B cell differentiation into plasma cells and proliferation
T cell receptors	epitopes bound to MHC	Activate T cells

References

^ Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. ISBN-10: 0781795435. ISBN-13: 978-0781795432. Page 20
^ ^a ^b Unless else specified in boxes, then ref is: Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Immunology. Paperback: 384 pages. Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; (July 1, 2007). Language: English. ISBN-10: 0781795435. ISBN-13: 978-0781795432. Page 20

External links

MeSH immunologic+receptor

v • d • e Membrane proteins, receptors: transmembrane receptors

Asialoglycoprotein receptor - Autoreceptors - Biogenic amine receptor - Eicosanoid receptor (Prostaglandin receptor) - G protein-coupled receptor - Immune receptor - N-Acetylglucosamine receptor - Neuropilins - Neurotransmitter receptor - Olfactory receptor - Protease-activated receptor - Purinergic receptor - Transferrin receptor

v • d • e Transmembrane receptors: immune receptors

Cytokine receptor	Type I: Interleukins (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 21, 23, 27), CSF receptors (EPO, GM-CSF, G-CSF), GH, prolactin, Oncostatin M,Leukemia inhibitory factor - common subunits (Common gamma chain, common beta chain, CSF2RB) Type II: Interleukins (10, 20, 22, 28) - interferon (-α/β, -γ) immunoglobulin superfamily: CSF1, C-kit, IL-1, IL-18 Tumor necrosis factor: CD27, CD30, CD40, CD120, Lymphotoxin β Chemokines: IL-8 (α, β), CCR1,CXCR4 Other: IL-17, TGF-beta (1, 2)

Pattern recognition/Toll-like	TLR 1 - TLR 2 - TLR 3 - TLR 4 - TLR 5 - TLR 6 - TLR 7 - TLR 8 - TLR 9 - TLR 10

Fc receptor	ε (FcεRI, FcεRII) - γ (FcγRI, FcγRII, FcγRIII) - α/μ (FcαRI, Fcα/μR) - Neonatal

Lymphocyte homing receptor	CD44 - L-selectin - VLA-4 - LFA-1

other	Antigen receptor (B-cell, T cell) - Complement - Formyl peptide - Immunophilins - Integrin - Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like - Scavenger

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Contents

Types

See also

References

External links