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 Zebra Oto - Otocinclus cocama
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Tribe Hypoptopomatini |
Hypoptopomatinae is a subfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Loricariidae.
Hypoptopomatinae is a monophyletic assemblage within the family Loricariidae.[1] It is composed by 17 genera and approximately 80 species.[2] This subfamily represents about one-tenth of all loricariid species.[3]
It is divided into two tribes, Hypoptopomatini and Otothyrini.[1] However, in a 2005 analysis, Otothyrini was found to not be monophyletic, with its representatives comprising a paraphyletic group in relation to the tribe Hypoptopomatini.[4] The most recent hypoptopomatine genus, Gymnotocinclus, was not classified in either of the tribes.[5]
In almost all species of hypoptopomatinae there is a diploid number of 2n = 54; this group is karyotypically very conserved.[6]
Hypoptopomatinae is distributed throughout cis-Andean South America from Venezuela to Northern Argentina.[2] Most of the hypoptopomatine species are usually found at or near the water surface, typically in close association with riverbank vegetation or some subsurface structure.[7]
References
- ^ a b Ribeiro, Alexandre C.; Carvalho, Murilo; Melo, Alex L. A. (2005). "Description and relationships of Otothyropsis marapoama, a new genus and species of Hypoptopomatine catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from rio Tietê basin, southeastern Brazil" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology 3 (4): 489–498. doi:.
- ^ a b Ferreira, Katiane M.; Ribeiro, Alexandre C. (2007). "Corumbataia britskii (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae) a new species from the upper Rio Paraná basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Central Brazil" (PDF). Zootaxa 1386: 59–68.
- ^ Reis, Roberto E.; Schaefer, Scott A. (December 21, 1998). "New Cascudinhos from Southern Brazil: Systematics, Endemism, and Relationships (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates 3254: 1–25.
- ^ Gauger, Marco F. W.; Buckup, Paulo Andreas (2005). "Two new species of Hypoptopomatinae from the rio Paraíba do Sul basin, with comments on the monophyly of Parotocinclus and the Otothyrini (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology 3 (4): 509–518. doi:.
- ^ Carvalho, Tiago Pinto; Lehmann A., Pablo; Reis, Roberto E. (2008). "Gymnotocinclus anosteos, a new uniquely-plated genus and species of loricariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from the upper rio Tocantins basin, central Brazil". Neotropical Ichthyology 6 (3): 329-338.
- ^ Andreata, Artur Antonio; Oliveira, Claudio; Foresti, Fausto (2006). "Karyological characterization of four Neotropical fish species of the genus Hisonotus (Teleostei, Loricariidae, Hypoptopomatinae) from distinct Brazilian river basins" (PDF). Genet. Mol. Biol. 29 (1): 62–66. doi:. ISSN 1415-4757.
- ^ de Brito, Marcelo F. G.; Caramaschi, Érica P.. "An albino armored catfish Schizolecis guntheri (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from an Atlantic Forest coastal basin" (PDF). Neotropical Ichthyology 3 (1): 2005.
