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| Gluconic acid | |
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| IUPAC name | (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid |
| Other names | None |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [526-95-4] |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C6H12O7 |
| Molar mass | 196 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless crystals |
| Density | ? |
| Solubility in water | good |
| Solubility in other solvents | ? |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.86 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Corrosive (C) |
| Flash point | ? |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Gluconic acid is an organic compound with molecular formula C6H12O7 and condensed structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH. In aqueous solution at neutral pH, gluconic acid forms the gluconate ion. The salts of gluconic acid are known as "gluconates". Gluconic acid and gluconate salts occur widely in nature because such species arise from the oxidation of glucose. Gluconate esters can also be formed, such as quinine gluconate which is used for intramuscular injection in the treatment of malaria.
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Chemical structure
The chemical structure of gluconic acid consists of a six-carbon chain with five hydroxyl groups terminating in a carboxylic acid group. In aqueous solution, gluconic acid exists in equilibrium with the cyclic ester Glucono delta lactone.
Occurrence and uses
Gluconic acid occurs naturally in fruit, honey, kombucha tea, and wine. As a food additive (E574[1]), it is an acidity regulator. It is also used in cleaning products where it dissolves mineral deposits especially in alkaline solution. The gluconate anion chelates Ca2+, Fe2+, Al3+, and other heavy metals. Calcium gluconate, in the form of a gel, is used to treat burns from hydrofluoric acid.[2][3]
References
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This article does not cite any references or sources. (September 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
- ^ Food Standards Agency - Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers
- ^ el Saadi MS, Hall AH, Hall PK, Riggs BS, Augenstein WL, Rumack BH (1989). "Hydrofluoric acid dermal exposure". Vet Hum Toxicol 31 (3): 243–7. PMID 2741315.
- ^ Roblin I, Urban M, Flicoteau D, Martin C, Pradeau D (2006). "Topical treatment of experimental hydrofluoric acid skin burns by 2.5% calcium gluconate". J Burn Care Res 27 (6): 889–94. doi:. PMID 17091088.
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