Globo TV

Rede Globo (English: Globo Network, better known as TV Globo, Globo TV or simply Globo) is a Brazilian television network, owned by media conglomerate Organizações Globo. Globo began its TV transmission on April 26, 1965 in Rio de Janeiro, broadcasting in channel 4 of the VHF spectrum. The network is currently one of the largest in The Americas and the fourth largest in the world, watched by 80 million people daily. ¹ ²³

Globo is headquartered in the Jardim Botânico neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro, where its news division is based. The network's main production studios are located at a complex dubbed Projac (in portuguese "Projeto Jacarepaguá"), located in Jacarepaguá, Rio's western area. In 2007, Globo moved their analogue operations to a purpose-built high-definition television production in digital broadcasting.

History

In 1962, a controversial agreement between Time-Life and "Organizações Globo", Roberto Marinho's holding company, gave Marinho access to some $6 million with which he could buy equipment and build an infra-structure for Globo. In return, Time-Life would be entitled to 30% of all profits from Globo's TV operation. As a point of comparison, the largest TV station in Brazil at the time, TV Tupi, had been built for around $300,000.⁴

The agreement was widely seen as illegal, as the Brazilian constitution of the time prohibited any foreign person or company from owning an interest in a Brazilian media company. In trying to address the legal aspects, the agreement specifically mentioned that its terms did not give Time-Life or Time, Inc. the right to shares or to interfere in the management of Globo's operations. In practice Time-Life wielded great influence inside Globo: Joseph Wallach, the former director of Time-Life's TV station in California, became a de facto executive director at Globo.⁴ Globo began its broadcast on April 26, 1965 in Rio de Janeiro. In 1966 it purchased another station, TV Paulista, based in São Paulo.

On April 1, 1964, a military-led coup deposed the elected government of João Goulart. As the military reduced the democratic institutions of Brazil, it simultaneously sought to increase its hold over the media. At the time, Marinho had been a supporter of the coup, but his deal with Time-Life was still being investigated by congress. The military decided against the deal, which ultimately allowed Marinho to get out of the deal under exceptional terms. In 1969, Marinho terminated the deal with Time-Life by agreeing to pay back the $6 million dollars invested over the next few years. This in effect meant that Marinho could repay the infra-structure provided by Time-Life and would no longer have the 30% profit-sharing obligation to Time-Life.⁴

Globo has since expanded to become the largest TV Network in Brazil, with over $2 billion dollars in revenue in 1992.⁴ It is famous for the telenovelas (soap operas) which, together with the news and football, dominate primetime viewing in Brazil. These are exported to several countries, to both Portuguese-speaking countries and elsewhere, where they are dubbed into local languages.

Logos

Globo has used several logos throughout its history.² The first version of the current logo design debuted in 1975, a blue ball with a television shaped box in the middle, with another ball inside it. The first version of the current logo debuted in 1986, now with the two balls being silver, and the inside being rainbow colored. Most of Globo's modern logos have been minor variations of this design. Hans Donner designed the current logo and presentation package used by Globo, which debuted in 2008.

Slogans

New Years Slogans

Availability

Rede Globo Internacional (Globo International Network) operates satellite television channels around the world, including the The Americas, Europe, Middle East, Japan, Africa (especially the Portuguese-speaking countries), and Australia, bringing a mix of entertainment, news and sports programming to Brazilian and other Portuguese-speaking people. It has also operates a premium channel in Portugal, called Rede Globo Portugal, since October 2007, having previously operated a similar channel called GNT Portugal, which ceased broadcasting in April 2006.

Online

Globo.com is the Internet portal arm of the company and has large historical video library and provides part of current content recorded and live TV news and special shows such as Big Brother Brasil. It also broadcasted the World Cup 2006 games live in 480i and 480p. The portal also provides large access to media conglomerate products such magazines, newspapers and live radio. The domain attracted at least 1.8 million visitors annually by 2008 according to a Compete.com study ⁹ and actually is ranked 87° most accessed site in the world according Alexa ¹⁰

Centers

The Television network is the centerpiece of enterprise. Globo has its main production complex in Rio de Janeiro. The "Projac" (officially named "Central Globo de Produção", or Globo Production Center), where most of their shows are produced, is one of largest TV production centers in the world and the biggest in Latin America, with numerous lots and urban areas as backdrops for soap operas.

In the late 90s, Globo moved part of its news division--encompassing both news desks, production staff and studios--to the city of São Paulo, Itaim Bibi district. Nevertheless, its main news shows, such as Jornal Nacional and Fantástico, as well as the news channel Globo News, remain broadcasted from the main headquarters in Rio de Janeiro.

Rede Globo is part of Organizações Globo, a major Brazilian media conglomerate. Associated companies: Globo Filmes (motion picture company), Globo International Network (international broadcasting), Globo Marcas (branding and advertising), Globo Video (internet video), Globo Minas (television station at Belo Horizonte), Globo Brasília (television station at Brasília), Globo Nordeste (television station at Recife), Globo Rio de Janeiro (television station at Rio de Janeiro) and Globo São Paulo (television station at São Paulo).

International Correspondent

Controversy

As a consequence of the size of its viewership, Rede Globo is in a position to exert significant influence over the outcome of a local or national election. In the 1989 presidential elections, Globo aired the final debate between Fernando Collor de Mello and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, but edited the debate in such a way that Collor received considerably more air time than Lula, and juxtaposed some of Collor's more eloquent responses with some of Lula's less eloquent responses ¹¹.Years later, the network publicly apologized for the incident, and electoral law was changed to prohibit networks from showing edited versions of political debates and enacted a law similar to the American equal-time rule. The theme was openly discussed in Jornal Nacional's official book, which was released in 2006.

In 1993 the British Channel 4 made a documentary, Beyond Citizen Kane, about the power and influence of the network in Brazil. The documentary had participations of great Brazilian political characters, including Leonel Brizola, who was also a political adversary of Globo Network.^{citation needed}

Globo has had a tempestuous history with the organization which owns Brazil's 2nd largest TV network: the Rede Record. Record's owners, the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, were mired in controversy during the church's growth, including an incident in 1995, when Globo aired a tape which showed the church's founder, Edir Macedo, teaching other church officials how to manipulate church followers into giving more money to the church. ¹²

On September 27, 2007, Rede Globo's rival, Rede Record, launched Brazil's first free-to-view 24-hour news channel on terrestrial television, Record News. Two days before the launch, the Vice-President of Organizações Globo, Evandro Guimarães, went to Brasilia to meet government officials, including the Communications Minister, Hélio Costa, accusing Record Network of owning two television networks, Rede Record and Record News, inside the city of São Paulo, in violation of Brazilian law. Record attacked Globo in an editorial in its national news broadcast, Jornal da Record, accusing Globo of trying to save its monopoly on media and news, and claimed that Globo was "afraid" of Record News. ¹³ In its response, Record cited Globo's past controversies and the network's supportive relationship with Brazil's Military Dictatorship.^{citation needed}

Current schedule

The following schedule is valid for the last two months of the 2008 Season, starting on October 27, 2008. The below represents Globo's usual primetime schedule.¹⁴ It does not reflect one-off events or region specific programming. Program starting times are for the Brasília time zone feed, are all approximate and may vary from those shown.

Note:
News and Current Affairs / Drama and Soap Operas / Sitcoms, Animation and Comedy / Lifestyle programs / Factual programs and Documentaries / Reality, Game shows and Talk shows / Sport / Movies.

References

^ FT.com / World - Brazil's winning game-plan
^ ^a ^b ^c "Globo Network Institutional" (in Portuguese). Organizações Globo. Retrieved on 2007-11-19.
^ "Estagiar" (in Portuguese). Organizações Globo. Retrieved on 2007-11-19.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Sousa, Helena (1998-07). "http://www.bocc.ubi.pt/pag/sousa-helena-globo-sic.pdf The re-export of the US commercial television model time-life/Globo/SIC: replicating business strategies?]" (PDF), Minho University, pp. 1-15. Retrieved on 17 November 2007.
^ "Cronograma". SBTVD (Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital Terrestre) (2006-10-10). Retrieved on 2007-11-19.
^ Zimmermann, Patrícia (2006-06-29). "Rede Globo diz que vai investir em alta definição, e não em multiprogramação" (in Portuguese), Folha Online, pp. 1. Retrieved on 19 November 2007.
^ "Conheça os planos das emissoras para a TV digital" (in Portuguese), G1 (2007-11-13), pp. 1. Retrieved on 19 November 2007.
^ Assine Globo Internacional. TV Globo Internacional.
^ Globo attracts almost 2 m visitors online yearly
^ globo.com - Traffic Details from Alexa
^ Cf. Bernardo Kucinski, A Síndrome da Antena Parabólica, São Paulo, Editora da Fundação Perseu Abramo, ISBN 85-86469-12-2, pg.113
^ Jornal Nacional newscast of Edir Macedo. YouTube.
^ Rede Record's Editorial about Globo's attack of Record News from "Jornal da Record" (in Portuguese).YouTube.
^ "Programação". Rede Globo. Retrieved on 2008-10-29.

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