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Glimepiride
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 3-ethyl-N,N-bis (3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-5H-pyrrol-2-yl)- 4-methyl-2-oxo-5H-pyrrole-1- carboxamide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | A10 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C24H34N4O5S |
| Mol. mass | 490.617 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Protein binding | >99.5% |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 5 Hours |
| Excretion | Urine & Fecal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
? |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Pill |
Glimepiride is a medium-to-long acting sulfonylurea anti-diabetic drug. It is marketed as Amaryl by Sanofi-Aventis. Glimepiride is the first third-generation sulfonylurea, and is very potent.
It is sometimes classified as third-generation,1 and sometimes classified as second-generation.2
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Indications
Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM).
Adverse effects
GI disturbance, rarely thrombopenia , leucopenia, haemolytic anaemia, occasionally allergic. In the initial weeks of treatment, the risk of hypoglycemia may be increased.
Contraindications
-Hypersensitivity to glimepiride or other sulfonylureas.
-Pregnancy
Interactions
With NSAIDs like Salicylates, Sulphoamides, Chlorampenicol, coumarin and probencid may potentiate the hypoglycemic action of glimepride. Thiazides, other diuretic, phothiazides, thyroid products, oral contraceptives, phenytoin tend to produce hyperglycemia.
Pharmacology
With Glimepiride GI absorption is complete with no interference of meals. Significant absorption of glimepiride was seen within one hour, and distributed through out the body, bound to the plasma protein to an extended of 99.5% and it is metabolised by oxidative biotransformation and 60% is excreted in the urine, and remaining is excreted in the feces.
Mechanism of action
Glimepiride distinctly lower the blood glucose level by both defects of NIDDM, by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to produce more insulin and induced increased activity of peripheral insulin intra cellular receptor.
References
- ^ Hamaguchi T, Hirose T, Asakawa H, et al (December 2004). "Efficacy of glimepiride in type 2 diabetic patients treated with glibenclamide". Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 66 Suppl 1: S129–32. doi:. PMID 15563963, http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168-8227(04)00148-2.
- ^ Davis SN (2004). "The role of glimepiride in the effective management of Type 2 diabetes". J. Diabetes Complicat. 18 (6): 367–76. doi:. PMID 15531188, http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1056-8727(04)00078-9.
http://www.drugdigest.org/DD/DVH/Uses/1,3915,298|Amaryl%2BTablets|2805,00.html http://www.theodora.com/drugs/amaryl_tablets_sanofi_aventis.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/glimepiride.htm http://www.pharmgkb.org/do/serve?objId=213&objCls=DrugProperties
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