Fernando Altamirano (Fernando Altamirano-Carbajal) (1848-1908) was a Mexicanphysician, botanist and naturalist. He was born in Queretaro in 1848 and died in Mexico City in 1908. Altamirano was the founder and the director of the National Medical Institute of Mexico (Instituto Medico Nacional) from 1888 to 1908.
He published more than 250 papers on pharmacology of Mexican plants and on physiology. He was also interested in the industrial uses of Mexican plants.