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| Glyoxylic acid | |
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| IUPAC name | oxoethanoic acid |
| Other names | formylformic acid |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [298-12-4] |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C2H2O3 |
| Molar mass | 74.04 g mol-1 |
| Density | g cm-3 |
| Melting point |
-93 °C |
| Boiling point |
111 °C |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references |
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Glyoxylic acid or oxoacetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C2H2O3.
Other synonyms are formylformic acid and oxoethanoic acid. The compound is an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid. Alkyl esters of glyoxylic acid are called alkyl glyoxylic acids. The compound is formed by organic oxidation of glycolic acid or ozonolysis of maleic acid. Glyoxylic acid is a liquid with a melting point of -93 °C and a boiling point of 111 °C. It is available commercially as a monohydrate or as a solution in water.
When the carboxyl group of glyoxylic acid loses a proton it turns into glyoxylate. This compound is an intermediate of the glyoxylate cycle, which enables organisms, such as bacteria, [1] fungi, and plants [2] to convert fatty acids into carbohydrates. Glyoxylate is the byproduct of the amidation process in biosynthesis of several amidated peptides.
References
- ^ Holms WH (1987). "Control of flux through the citric acid cycle and the glyoxylate bypass in Escherichia coli". Biochem Soc Symp. 54: 17–31. PMID 3332993.
- ^ Escher CL, Widmer F (1997). "Lipid mobilization and gluconeogenesis in plants: do glyoxylate cycle enzyme activities constitute a real cycle? A hypothesis". Biol Chem. 378: 803–813. PMID 9377475.
