Deerfield massacre
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1704 Raid on Deerfield
Part of Queen Anne's War (1702-1713)
Date February 29, 1704
Location Massachusetts
Result French and Native American victory
Belligerents
Colonists, predominantly from England France
Commanders
Capt. Thomas Wells Lt. Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville
Strength
16 garrison soldiers, 50 town residents 47 French Canadian militians,
200 native warriors
Casualties and losses
Over 56 killed,
109 captured and forced to trek to Quebec; of the latter, some died or were killed by their captors along the way
40 killed, "many" wounded

The 1704 Raid on Deerfield occurred during Queen Anne's War on February 29, 1704, when joint French and Native American forces under the command of Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville attacked the English settlement at Deerfield, Massachusetts just before dawn, razing the town and killing fifty-six colonists. De Rouville's forces consisted of forty-seven French and French Canadian soldiers and 200 Native Americans, mostly Abenaki, Kanienkehaka and Wyandot, accompanied by a few Pocumtuck. Of the colonists killed, twenty-two were men, nine were women, and twenty-five were children.

A total of 109 residents, including the women and children who had survived the attack, were taken captive and forced on a months-long, 300-mile trek to Quebec in harsh winter conditions; twenty-one of them died along the way.[1] More than sixty of those who reached Quebec were eventually ransomed or otherwise managed to make their way back to New England, but a number of others, including Eunice Williams, the young daughter of Deerfield's pastor, chose to remain in French and Native communities, such as Wendake, Quebec, for the rest of their lives.[2]

Source notes

  1. ^ "Attack on Deerfield (paragraph #2)". Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-03-31.
  2. ^ "Attack on Deerfield (paragraph #3)". Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-03-31.

Further reading

  • Demos, John. "The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America", (New York, 1994)
  • Haefeli, Evan and Sweeney, Kevin. "Captors and Captives: The 1704 French and Indian Raid on Deerfield", (Amherst, 2003)
  • Smith, Mary. "Boy Captive of Old Deerfield", (Aeonian, 1976)

External links

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