Topographic map showing the Andes mountain range splitting in Colombia with the Cordillera Oriental Eastern range extending into Venezuela.
The Cordillera Oriental is one of three main mountain ranges that divides the Cordillera in the Andes Mountains of Colombia.
It extends from southeast to northeast from the Nudo de Almaguer, or the "Colombia Mountain Mass" in Cauca to the Perijá Mountains in La Guajira.
The western part of the Cordillera Oriental belongs to the Magdalena River basin, while the eastern part includes the river basins of the Amazon River, Orinoco, and Catatumbo.