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| Carl Runge | |
 Carl David Tolmé Runge
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| Born | August 30, 1856 Bremen, German Reich |
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| Died | January 3, 1927 (aged 70) Göttingen, German Reich |
| Residence | German Reich |
| Citizenship | German |
| Fields | Mathematics Physics |
| Institutions | University of Hannover (1886-1904) Georg-August University of Göttingen (1904-1925) |
| Alma mater | Berlin University |
| Doctoral advisor | Karl Weierstrass Ernst Kummer |
| Doctoral students | Max Born |
| Known for | Runge-Kutta method Runge's phenomenon |
Carl David Tolmé Runge (pronounced /ˈʀuŋˌge/) (August 30, 1856 – January 3, 1927) was a German mathematician, physicist, and spectroscopist.
He was co-developer and co-eponym of the Runge–Kutta method (pronounced /ˌʀuŋgeˈkuta/), in the field of what is today known as numerical analysis.
He spent the first few years of his life in Havana, where his father Julius Runge was the Danish consul. The family later moved to Bremen, where his father died early (in 1864).
In 1880 he received his Ph.D. in mathematics at Berlin, where he studied under Karl Weierstrass. In 1886 he became a professor in Hannover, Germany.
His interests included mathematics, spectroscopy, geodesy and astrophysics. In addition to pure mathematics he did a great deal of experimental work studying spectral lines of various elements (together with Heinrich Kayser), and was very interested in the application of this work to astronomical spectroscopy.
In 1904, on the initiative of Felix Klein he received a call to the Georg-August University of Göttingen, which he accepted. There he remained until his retirement in 1925.
Runge crater on the Moon is named after him.
See also:
Works by C. Runge
- Ueber die Krümmung, Torsion und geodätische Krümmung der auf einer Fläche gezogenen Curven (PhD dissertation, Friese, 1880)
- Analytische Geometrie der Ebene (B.G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1908)
- Graphical methods; a course of lectures delivered in Columbia university, New York, October, 1909, to January, 1910 (Columbia University Press, New York, 1912)
- Carl Runge und Hermann König Vorlesungen über numerisches Rechnen (Springer, Heidelberg, 1924)
- Graphischen Methoden (Teubner, 1928)
Bibliography
- F. Paschen: "Carl Runge", Astrophysical Journal 69:317–321, 1929. doi:10.1086/143192.
- Iris Runge: Carl Runge und sein wissenschaftliches Werk, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1949.
External links
- O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F., "Carle David Tolmé Runge", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
- Biography
- Carl David Tolmé Runge at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Runge, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Runge, Carl David Tolmé |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | German mathematician and physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 30, 1856 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bremen, Germany |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 3, 1927 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Göttingen, Germany |
