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| Group | 14 |
|---|---|
| Period | |
| 2 | 6 C |
| 3 | 14 Si |
| 4 | 32 Ge |
| 5 | 50 Sn |
| 6 | 82 Pb |
| 7 | 114 Uuq |
The carbon group is group 14 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table. Once also known as the tetrels (from Latin tetra, four), stemming from the earlier naming convention of this group as Group IVB.
Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer energy level. The last orbital of all these elements is the p2 orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases as the size of the atom increases, as it does with increasing atomic number. Carbon alone forms negative ions, in the form of carbide (C4−) ions. Silicon and germanium, both metalloids, each can form +4 ions. Tin and lead both are metals while unquadium is a synthetic shortlived radioactive metal.
The group consists of carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), and ununquadium (Uuq).
| Nonmetals | Metalloids | Poor metals | atomic number in black are solids | solid borders are primordial elements (older than the Earth) | dotted borders are radioactive, synthetic elements |
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