Azole
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An azole is a class of five-membered nitrogen heterocyclic ring compounds containing at least one other noncarbon atom, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.¹ The parent compounds are aromatic and have two double bonds; there are successively reduced analogs (azolines and azolidines) with less. Names of azoles maintain the prefix upon reduction (such as pyrazoline, pyrazolidine), except for pyrrole, which has no -azole suffix and is reduced to pyrroline and pyrrolidine.

Examples

The azoles include:

• 1 nitrogen (But it only includes one Nitrogen and no other heteroatom !)
  • pyrrole

• 2 or more nitrogen atoms
  • pyrazole
  • imidazole, included in histidine
  • triazole, included in Ribavirin
  • tetrazole
  • pentazole

• 1 nitrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom
  • oxazole
  • isoxazole

• 1 nitrogen atom and 1 sulfur atom
  • thiazole
  • isothiazole

A "dioxole" is a similar compound with two oxygen atoms in a five membered ring. Dioxolane is a derivative of dioxole.

Uses

Many azoles are used as antifungal drugs (azole antifungals), inhibiting the fungal enzyme 14α-demethylase which produces ergosterol (an important component of the fungal plasma membrane).

External links

• MeSH Azoles
• Nomenclature, IUPAC

References

1. ^ Eicher, T.; Hauptmann, S. (2nd ed. 2003). The Chemistry of Heterocycles: Structure, Reactions, Syntheses, and Applications. Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3527307206.