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April 23
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "April_23" .
April 23 is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 252 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
215 BC - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene .
1014 - Battle of Clontarf : Brian Boru defeats Viking invaders, but is killed in battle.
1229 - Ferdinand III of Castile conquers Cáceres .
1343 - St. George's Night Uprising .
1348 - The founding of the Order of the Garter by King Edward III of England is announced on St George's Day .
1521 - Battle of Villalar : King Charles I of Spain defeats the Comuneros .
1597 - William Shakespeare 's The Merry Wives of Windsor is first performed, with Queen Elizabeth I of England in attendance.
1635 - First public school in the United States, Boston Latin School , is founded in Boston, Massachusetts.
1660 - Treaty of Oliwa is established between Sweden and Poland .
1661 - King Charles II of England , Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey .
1827 - William Rowan Hamilton presents his Theory of systems of rays .
1867 - William Lincoln patents the zoetrope , a machine which shows animated pictures by mounting a strip of drawings in a wheel.
1912 - Eagle Scout Scout Rank earned by Arthur Eldred in Troop 1 in Oceanside, New York.
1920 - The national council in Turkey denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
1920 - The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is founded in Ankara .
1923 - Inauguration ceremonies take place of Gdynia as a temporary military port and fishers' shelter.
1932 - The 153-year old De Adriaan Windmill in Haarlem , the Netherlands burns down.
1935 - Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.
1940 - The Rhythm Night Club fire at a dance hall in Natchez, Mississippi , kills 198 people.
1941 - World War II : Greek government and King George II evacuate Athens before the attacking Wehrmacht .
1942 - World War II: Baedeker Blitz – German bombers hit Exeter , Bath and York in retaliation for the British raid on Lübeck .
1948 - 1948 Arab-Israeli War : Haifa , the major port of Israel , is captured from Arab forces .
1955 - The Canadian Labour Congress is formed by the merger of the Trades and Labour Congress of Canada and the Canadian Congress of Labour .
1961 - Algiers putsch by French generals.
1967 - A group of young radicals are expelled from the Nicaraguan Socialist Party (PSN). This group goes on to found the Socialist Workers Party (POS).
1968 - Vietnam War : Student protesters at Columbia University in New York City take over administration buildings and shut down the university. see main article Columbia University protests of 1968 .
1979 - Fighting in London between the Anti-Nazi League and the Metropolitan Police 's Special Patrol Group results in the death of protester Blair Peach .
1982 - Conch Republic is established.
1982 - The ZX Spectrum is released.
1985 - Coca-Cola changes its formula and releases New Coke . (The response is overwhelmingly negative, and the original formula is back on the market in less than 3 months.)
1987 - 28 construction workers die when the L'Ambiance Plaza apartment building collapses while under construction in Bridgeport, Connecticut .
1988 - Pink Floyd 's album Dark Side of the Moon leaves the charts for its first time after spending a record of 741 consecutive weeks (over 14 years) on the Billboard 200 .
1990 - Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations and the 50th member of the Commonwealth of Nations .
1993 - Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations -monitored referendum.
1997 - Omaria massacre in Algeria : 42 villagers are killed.
2003 - Beijing closes all schools for two weeks because of the SARS virus.
Births
1170 - Isabelle of Hainaut , queen of France (d. 1190 )
1185 - King Afonso II of Portugal (d. 1223 )
1464 - Joan of France, Duchess of Berry , queen of France (d. 1505 )
1484 - Julius Caesar Scaliger , Italian philosopher (d. 1558 )
1500 - Alexander Ales , Scottish theologian (d. 1565 )
1516 - Georg Fabricius , German poet, historian, and archaeologist (d. 1571 )
1598 - Maarten Tromp , Dutch admiral (d. 1653 )
1621 - William Penn , English admiral (d. 1670 )
1628 - Johann van Waveren Hudde , Dutch mathematician (d. 1704 )
1676 - King Frederick I of Sweden (d. 1751 )
1720 - Vilna Gaon , Lithuanian rabbi (d. 1797 )
1725 - Saint Gerard Majella , Catholic saint (d. 1755 )
1746 - Félix Vicq-d'Azyr , French physician and anatomist (d. 1794 )
1775 - J. M. W. Turner , English painter (d. 1851 )
1791 - James Buchanan , 15th President of the United States (d. 1868 )
1792 - John Thomas Romney Robinson , Irish astronomer and physicist (d. 1882 )
1794 - Wei Yuan , Chinese scholar (d. 1856 )
1805 - Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz , German philosopher (d. 1879 )
1813 - Stephen A. Douglas , U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d. 1861 )
1813 - Frédéric Ozanam , French scholar (Society of Saint Vincent de Paul ) (d. 1853 )
1823 - Abd-ul-Mejid , Ottoman Sultan (d. 1861 )
1853 - Winthrop M. Crane , 40th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1920 )
1857 - Ruggiero Leoncavallo , Italian composer (d. 1919 )
1858 - Max Planck , German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947 )
1861 - Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby , British general (d. 1936 )
1865 - Ali-Agha Shikhlinski , Russian-Azerbaijani general (d. 1943 )
1867 - Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger , Danish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1928 )
1876 - Arthur Moeller van den Bruck , German historian (d. 1925 )
1880 - Michel Fokine , Russian choreographer and dancer (d. 1942 )
1882 - Albert Coates , British composer (d. 1953 )
1888 - Georges Vanier , French-Canadian soldier and diplomat (d. 1967 )
1889 - Karel Doorman , Dutch admiral (d. 1942 )
1893 - Frank Borzage , American film director (d. 1952 )
1894 - Cow Cow Davenport , American pianist (d. 1955 )
1895 - Ngaio Marsh , New Zealand writer (d. 1982 )
1897 - Lucius Clay , American general (d. 1978 )
1897 - Lester B. Pearson , fourteenth Prime Minister of Canada , recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1972 )
1899 - Bertil Ohlin , Swedish economist, Bank of Sweden Prize winner (d. 1979 )
1900 - Joseph Green , Polish-born actor and director (d. 1996 )
1900 - Jim Bottomley , American baseball player (d. 1959 )
1901 - E.B. Ford , British ecological geneticist (d. 1988 )
1902 - Halldór Laxness , Icelandic writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998 )
1903 - Guy Simonds , youngest general officer in the Canadian army (d 1974 )
1904 - Duncan Renaldo , Spanish-American actor (d. 1985 )
1907 - Fritz Wotruba , Austrian sculptor (d. 1975 )
1907 - Lee Miller , American photographer & model (d. 1977 )
1908 - Myron Waldman , American animator (d. 2006 )
1910 - Simone Simon , French actress (d. 2005 )
1918 - Maurice Druon , French author
1919 - Oleg Penkovsky , Soviet double-agent
1921 - Janet Blair , American actress (d. 2007 )
1921 - Warren Spahn , American baseball player (d. 2003 )
1923 - Dolph Briscoe , Governor of Texas
1923 - Avram Davidson , American writer (d. 1993 )
1923 - Antonino Rocca , professional wrestler
1924 - Chuck Harmon , American baseball player
1924 - Bobby Rosengarden , American jazz drummer (d. 2007 )
1926 - J. P. Donleavy , Irish American author
1928 - Shirley Temple , American actress and politician
1932 - Jim Fixx , American athlete and writer (d. 1984 )
1932 - Halston , American fashion designer (d. 1990 )
1935 - Bunky Green , American musician
1936 - Roy Orbison , American singer and musician (d. 1988 )
1939 - Jorge Fons , Mexican film director
1939 - Lee Majors , American actor
1939 - Ray Peterson , American singer (d. 2005 )
1940 - Michael Copps , American Federal Government official
1941 - Jacqueline Boyer , French singer
1941 - Paavo Lipponen , Prime Minister of Finland 1995-2003
1941 - Michael Lynne , American film executive
1942 - Sandra Dee , American actress (d. 2005 )
1943 - Tony Esposito , Canadian ice hockey player
1943 - Frans Koppelaar , Dutch painter
1943 - Hervé Villechaize , French actor (d. 1993 )
1947 - Glenn Cornick , British musician (Jethro Tull )
1947 - Bernadette Devlin , Irish politician
1948 - Pascal Quignard , French author
1948 - Serge Thériault , French-Canadian comedian and actor
1949 - David Cross , British violinist (King Crimson )
1949 - Joyce DeWitt , American actress
1952 - Narada Michael Walden , American musician and producer
1954 - Michael Moore , American filmmaker
1955 - Judy Davis , Australian actress
1955 - Tony Miles , English chess player (d. 2001 )
1957 - Kenji Kawai , Japanese composer
1958 - Hilmar Örn Hilmarsson , Icelandic music composer
1958 - Ryan Walter , Canadian ice hockey player
1960 - Valerie Bertinelli , American actress
1960 - Steve Clark , English guitarist (Def Leppard ) (d. 1991 )
1960 - Claude Julien , French-Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1961 - Terry Gordy , American professional wrestler (d. 2001 )
1961 - George Lopez , American actor and comedian
1962 - John Hannah , Scottish actor
1963 - Paul Belmondo , French actor and racing driver
1963 - Magnús Ver Magnússon , Icelandic powerlifter
1967 - Rheal Cormier , Canadian baseball player
1967 - Melina Kanakaredes , American actress
1968 - Timothy McVeigh , American terrorist (d. 2001 )
1968 - Princess Aisha bint Al Hussein of Jordan
1968 - Princess Zein bint Al Hussein of Jordan
1969 - Yelena Shushunova , Russian gymnast
1969 - Richard Wolstencroft , Australian Filmmaker
1969 - Martin López-Zubero , Spanish swimmer
1970 - Scott Bairstow , American actor
1970 - Dennis Bayne Culp , American singer/songwriter
1970 - Sadao Abe , Japanese actor
1971 - Charmaine Sinclair , English model
1972 - Pierre Labrie , Canadian poet
1972 - Patricia Manterola , Mexican singer
1972 - Sonya Smith , American actress
1973 - Patrick Poulin , French-Canadian ice hockey player
1974 - Carlos Dengler , American musician (Interpol )
1974 - Barry Watson , American actor
1975 - Jón Þór Birgisson , Icelandic musician and singer (Sigur Rós )
1975 - Bobby Shaw , American football wide receiver for the NFL
1977 - John Cena , American professional wrestler
1977 - Andruw Jones , Curaçaoan baseball player
1977 - Willie Mitchell , Canadian ice hockey player
1977 - Kal Penn , American actor
1977 - Lee Young-Pyo , Korean footballer
1979 - Yana Gupta , Indian actress & model
1979 - Jaime King , American actress
1979 - Lauri Ylönen , Finnish singer (The Rasmus )
1981 - Sean Henn , American baseball player
1981 - Joanna Krupa , Supermodel/actress
1981 - Chris Sharma , American rock climber/boulderer
1983 - Daniela Hantuchová , Slovakian tennis player
1983 - Jennifer Heil , Canadian free style skier
1984 - Alexandra Kosteniuk , Chess Woman World Champion
1985 - Angel Locsin , Filipina TV and movie actress
1986 - Sven Kramer , Dutch speedskater
1986 - Jessica Stam , Canadian supermodel
1987 - Emily Fox , American cupstacking champion
1988 - Victor Anichebe , Nigerian footballer
1989 - Nicole Vaidišová , Czech tennis player
1990 - Matthew Dillon Underwood , American actor
Deaths
303 - Saint George , Roman soldier and Christian martyr
725 - Wihtred , King of Kent
871 - Ethelred of Wessex
997 - Saint Adalbert of Prague , bishop (b. ca. 956 )
1014 - Brian Boru , High King of Ireland (killed in battle)
1016 - Ethelred II of England
1124 - King Alexander I of Scotland (b. 1078 )
1151 - Queen Adeliza of England (b. 1103 )
1217 - King Inge II of Norway (b. 1185 )
1407 - Olivier de Clisson , French soldier (b. 1326 )
1605 - Tsar Boris Godunov of Russia (b. ca. 1550 )
1616 - Miguel Cervantes , Spanish author (b. 1547 )
1616 - William Shakespeare , English writer and actor (b. 1564 ) (Julian calendar )
1616 - El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega , Peruvian writer (b. 1539 )
1625 - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange (b. 1567 )
1702 - Margaret Fell , English Quaker leader (b. 1614 )
1740 - Thomas Tickell , English writer (b. 1685 )
1781 - James Abercrombie , British general (b. 1706 )
1792 - Karl Friedrich Bahrdt , German theologian and adventurer (b. 1741 )
1794 - Guillaume-Chrétien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes , French statesman (executed) (b. 1721 )
1827 - Georgios Karaiskakis , Greek hero of the Greek War of Independence
1839 - Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin , French explorer (b. 1768 )
1850 - William Wordsworth , English poet (b. 1770 )
1889 - Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly , French writer (b. 1808 )
1895 - Carl Ludwig , German physician (b. 1815 )
1905 - Gédéon Ouimet , Quebec politician (b. 1823 )
1915 - Rupert Brooke , English poet (b. 1887 ).
1936 - Teresa de la Parra , Venezuelan writer (b. 1889 )
1951 - Charles G. Dawes , Vice President of the United States , recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1865 )
1952 - Julius Freed , American inventor and banker (b. 1887 )
1975 - William Hartnell , English actor (b. 1908 )
1979 - Blair Peach , New Zealand-born anti-fascist (b. 1946 )
1981 - Josep Pla , Catalan journalist and writer (b. 1897 )
1983 - Buster Crabbe , American swimmer and actor (b. 1908 )
1984 - Red Garland , American jazz pianist (b. 1923 )
1985 - Sam Ervin , American politician (b. 1896 )
1986 - Harold Arlen , American composer (b. 1905 )
1986 - Jim Laker , English cricketer (b. 1922 )
1986 - Otto Preminger , Austrian-born film director (b. 1906 )
1990 - Paulette Goddard , American actress (b. 1911 )
1991 - Johnny Thunders , American musician (b. 1952 )
1992 - Satyajit Ray , Indian filmmaker (b. 1921 )
1993 - César Chávez , American labor activist (b. 1927 )
1995 - Howard Cosell , American sports journalist (b. 1918 )
1995 - John C. Stennis , U.S. Senator from Mississippi (b. 1904 )
1996 - Jean-Victor Allard , Canadian military officer (b. 1913 )
1996 - P. L. Travers , Australian author (b. 1899 )
1997 - Denis Compton , English cricketer (b. 1918 )
1998 - Constantine Karamanlis , Greek politician (b. 1907 )
1998 - James Earl Ray , American assassin (b. 1928 )
2003 - James H. Critchfield , American Central Intelligence agent (b. 1917 )
2003 - Fernand Fonssagrives , French photographer (b. 1910 )
2005 - Joh Bjelke-Petersen , Premier of Queensland (b. 1911 )
2005 - Al Grassby , Australian immigration minister (b. 1928 )
2005 - John Mills , English actor (b. 1908 )
2005 - Romano Scarpa , Italian-born comic artist (b. 1927 )
2005 - Earl Wilson , American baseball player (b. 1934 )
2006 - Johnnie Checketts , New Zealand fighter pilot (b. 1912 )
2007 - Paul Erdman , American economist and author (b. 1932 )
2007 - David Halberstam , American journalist, historian and author (b. 1934 )
2007 - Boris Yeltsin , first President of the Russian Federation (b. 1931 )
Holidays and observances
External links
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