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Scotland
A study by Hussain and Millar of the Department of Politics at the University of Glasgow examined the prevalence of Anglophobia in relation to Islamophobia in Scotland. One finding of the report suggested that national ‘phobias’ have common routes independent of the nations they are directed toward. The study states that:
Scottish identity comes close to rivalling low levels of education as an influence towards Anglophobia. Beyond that, having an English friend reduces Anglophobia by about as much as having a Muslim friend reduces Islamophobia. And lack of knowledge about Islam probably indicates a broader rejection of the ‘other’, for it has as much impact on Anglophobia as on Islamophobia2.
Conversely it is argued that devolution has sparked a resurgence of English self identification and nationalism separate from Britishness.3 This is best illustrated by the flying of the Union Flag by England supporters when the English teams played at international sporting occasions during most of the 20th century (for example the 1966 world cup final), with the flying of the Flag of England the (Cross of Saint George) at such occasions today.4
Canada and the Province of Quebec
The Canadian Province of Quebec and its majority-Francophone population has had a long history of Anglophobia since the conquest of New France by Britain in 1760. Some Quebecers feel that their language is threatened by the majority English-speaking population of Canada and North-America as a whole.
United States
The word Anglophobia originates from the eighteenth century5 Thomas Jefferson used the word in a letter to James Madison dated May 13th 1793:
The Anglophobia has seized violently on three members of our council... Anglophobia, secret anti-gallomany, a federalisme outré, and a present ease in his circumstances not usual, have decided the complexion of our dispositions, and our proceedings towards the conspirators against human liberty, and the asserters of it, which is unjustifiable in principle, in interest, and in respect to the wishes of our constituents.6
During the period of alliance between Britain and the United States, Anglophobia took another form. Fleet Admiral Ernest King had been noted for his Anglophobic views which affected his decision making during the "Second happy time" (in the Battle of the Atlantic (1939-1945))7.
France
The "perfidious Albion" expression is still used by French journalists to mock the Francophobe sentiments of the British tabloids, e.g. the accusation that France cheated to win the World Cup 1998, or the accusation that the French beauty pageant contestant Élodie Gossuin is a transsexual.8
Australia and New Zealand
'Pom' is a common Australasian slang word for Britons, often combined with 'whing[e]ing' (complaining) to make the expression 'whingeing Pom' - a British immigrant who stereotypically complains about everything in Australia. In 2007 a complaint to Australia's Advertising Standards Bureau about a television commercial using the term 'Pom' was upheld and the commercial was withdrawn9.
Republic of Ireland
In August 2008 a British pipefitter based in Dublin was awarded 20,000 Euros for receiving abuse and discrimination because he was a Briton.10
References
- ^ "Anglophobia". Dictionary.com. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
- ^ Hussain, Asifa; Miller, William (March 2005). "Towards a Multicultural Nationalism? Anglophobia and Islamophobia in Scotland" (PDF), Devolution Briefings: Briefing No. 24, Economic & Social Research Council, pp. 4. Retrieved on 20 July 2008.
- ^ SIEF2008 - Panels: England and Saint George’: representations of Englishness in the 21st century
- ^ Alan Pulverness, (Norwich Institute for Language Education
- ^ "Anglophobia". Allwords.com. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
- ^ "The Correspondence of Thomas Jefferson". Foreign Relations: Britain and France at War. School of Cooperative Individualism. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
- ^ Moser, John E. (1998-11-01). Twisting the Lion's Tail: American Anglophobia Between the World Wars. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 0814756158. http://books.google.com/books?id=nKLXHQAACAAJ&dq=Twisting+the+Lion%27s+Tail:+American+Anglophobia+Between+the+World+Wars. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
- ^ Guiffan, Jean (2004-03-18) (in French). Histoire de l'Anglophobie en France: de Jeanne d'Arc à la Vache Folle. Rennes: Terre de Brumes. ISBN 2843622298. http://books.google.com/books?id=efSsAAAACAAJ&dq=Histoire+de+l%27anglophobie+en+France,+de+Jeanne+d%27Arc+%C3%A0+la+vache+folle. Retrieved on 2008-07-20.
- ^ Lagan, Bernard (2007-01-26). "Poms Whinge so Hard that Beer Ad is Pulled", The Times. Retrieved on 20 July 2008.
- ^ "Englishman wins Irish race case", BBC (2008-08-12). Retrieved on 12 December 2008.
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See also
