The National Liberation Front (FLN) had him killed because he was supposedly creating a cult of the individual rather than the collective leadership. He was "super-political" and his murder was disturbing to many FLN members including President Boumadienne who, according to the book, A Savage War of Peace, kept the assassins out of his future Algerian government.
A few years after independence, he was reburied in his native village of Azouza in Kabylie1.