3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate
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Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
IUPAC name	(hydroxy-(3-methylbut-3-enoxy) phosphoryl)oxyphosphonic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	358-71-4
PubChem	1195
MeSH	isopentenyl+pyrophosphate
SMILES	CC(=C)CCOP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O
Properties
Molecular formula	C5H12O7P2
Molar mass	246.092
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references

Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is an intermediate in the classical, HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids. IPP is formed from acetyl-CoA via mevalonic acid. IPP can then be isomerized to dimethylallyl pyrophosphate by the enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase.

Mevalonate pathway

Simplified version of the steroid synthesis pathway with the intermediates isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) and squalene shown. Some intermediates are omitted.

Alternatively, IPP can be synthesized via the alternative, non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis instead where it is formed from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP) by the enzyme HMB-PP reductase (LytB, IspH). The non-mevalonate pathway is utilized by many bacteria, apicomplexan protozoa such as malaria parasites, and the plastids of higher plants.

See also

• Dimethylallyltranstransferase

External links

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