In 1909, the VFL competition consisted of ten teams of 18 on-the-field players each, with no "reserves", although any of the 18 players who had left the playing field for any reason could later resume their place on the field at any time during the match.
Each team played each other twice in a home-and-away season of 18 rounds.
Once the 18 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1909 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the amended "Argus system".
All of the 1909 finals were played at the MCG so the home team in the Semi Finals and Preliminary Final is purely the higher ranked team from the ladder but in the Grand Final the home team was the team that won the Preliminary Final.
St Kilda forfeited 4 premiership points to Geelong for playing a suspended player in round 6. This is the only such forfeiture to have lasted in VFL/AFL history (other such forfeits have temporarily occurred, but were later reversed).
In the second round match against the University Football Club, badly concussed Richmond follower Bill Burns, who is dressed and about to leave for the hospital, hears that Richmond is about to lose the match, strips, returns to the field of play, takes the mark of the day, kicks the winning goal, and is carried off the ground shoulder-high. Later in 1909 Burns was suspended for 44 matches after being found guilty of a kicking charge (the sentence was later reduced on appeal).
Round 8 match between Fitzroy and Melbourne marred by numerous incident of foul play. Spectators involved in large brawl at the end of the game.
Imminent on-field brawl between players from Collingwood and South Melbourne in their round 14 match averted when the appearance of a policeman on the ground calms both teams down.
Collingwood spectator jumps the fence at the round 18 match against Melbourne and punches a Melbourne player. Melbourne's Secretary, Mr. J.A. Harper, runs onto the field and makes a citizens' arrest.
The Argus newspaper published the height, weight and occupation of each player in the finals for the first time.
^ St Kilda forfeited its 4 premiership points to Geelong after it was established that Billy Stewart, who played for St Kilda in that match, was under suspension for a striking in a Bendigo match. Although the VFL ladder counts this match as a win to Geelong, many consider that the "win" should go to St Kilda, and that only the 4 premiership points should go to Geelong.
References
Hogan, P., The Tigers Of Old, The Richmond Football Club, (Richmond), 1996. ISBN 0-646-18748-1
Maplestone, M., Flying Higher: History of the Essendon Football Club 1872-1996, Essendon Football Club, (Melbourne), 1996. ISBN 0-959-17402-8
Rogers, S. & Brown, A., Every Game Ever Played: VFL/AFL Results 1897-1997 (Sixth Edition), Viking Books, (Ringwood), 1998. ISBN 0-670-90809-6
Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897-1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996. ISBN 0-670-86814-0