1838
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Year 1838 (MDCCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1838

January - June

• January 10 - a fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London.
• April 8 - Regular Atlantic steamship service begins with the SS Great Western.
• April 30 - Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation (See Nicaragua's early history)
• May - The People's Charter drawn up in the United Kingdom demanding universal suffrage.
• May 26 - USA: Trail of Tears - forced relocation of the Cherokee tribe, killing at least 8,000.

July - December

Jöns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of proteins

• 1 August - Trinidad and Tobago: Slavery officially abolished
• 7 September - The paddlesteamer Forfarshire foundered on the Farne Islands, UK, giving rise to the fame of Grace Darling, who rescued nine passengers.
• October - The Simla Manifesto is published by the British government, resulting in the First British-Afghan War.
• November 3 India: The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce is founded. This paper was later renamed to The Times of India in 1861
• November 5 - Central American Civil War begins with Honduras' separation from the Central American Federation.
• December - Beginning of Pastry War: Mexico invaded by French forces

Undated

• Yucatan declares independence from Mexico
• Proteins discovered by Jöns Jakob Berzelius
• Friedrich Bessel makes the first accurate measurement of distance to a star.
• Biblical criticism: Christian Hermann Weisse proposes the two-source hypothesis.
• Duke University is established in North Carolina.

Ongoing

• War of the Confederation (1836-39)
• War of Tatters (1835-45)

Births

January - June

• January 4 - General Tom Thumb, American circus performer and entertainer (d. 1883)
• January 6 - Max Bruch, German composer (d. 1920)
• January 16 - Franz Brentano, German philosopher and psychologist (d. 1917)
• February 6 - Henry Irving, English actor (d. 1905)
• February 10 - Gustav Oelwein, founder of Oelwein, Iowa (d. 1913)
• February 16 - Henry Brooks Adams, American historian (d. 1918)
• February 18 - Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1916)
• March 3 - George William Hill, American astronomer (d. 1914)
• March 11 - Ōkuma Shigenobu, Japanese politician (d. 1922)
• April 3 - John Willis Menard, African-American politician (d. 1893)
• April 8 - Ferdinand von Zeppelin, German inventor (d. 1917)
• April 12 - John Shaw Billings, M.D., American military and medical leader (d. 1913)
• April 16 - Martha McClellan Brown, American temperance movement leader (d. 1916)
• April 28 - Tobias Michael Carel Asser, Dutch jurist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1913)
• April 21 - John Muir, American ecologist (d. 1914)
• May 10 - John Wilkes Booth, American actor and assassin (d. 1865)
• May 20 - Jules Méline, French statesman (d. 1925)

July - December

• September 2 - Liliuokalani of Hawai'i, last Queen of Hawaii (d. 1917)
• October 6 - Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (d. 1910)
• October 25 - Georges Bizet, French composer (d. 1875)
• October 31 - King Luis I of Portugal (d. 1889)
• November 7 - Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (d. 1889)
• November 13 - Joseph Fielding Smith, tenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1918)
• December 3 - Cleveland Abbe, American meteorologist (d. 1916)
• December 19 - Khedrup Gyatso, eleventh Dalai Lama (d. 1856)
• December 20 - Edwin Abbott Abbott, theologian and author (d. 1926)
• December 30 - Émile Loubet, 7th President of France (d. 1929)

Deaths

January - June

• January 3 - Prince Maximilian of Saxony (b. 1759)
• January 5 - Anthony Van Egmond, rebel leader in Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 {died in jail}
• February 21 - Silvestre de Sacy, linguist (b. 1758)
• March 13 - Poul Martin Møller, philosopher (b. 1794)
• April 6 - José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, Brazilian statesman and naturalist (b. 1763)
• April 9 - Piet Uys, Voortrekker leader (in battle) (b. 1797)
• May - Francisco Gómez, president of El Salvador (b. 1796)
• May 17 - Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, French diplomat (b. 1754)
• May 19 - Richard Colt Hoare, English archaeologist (b. 1758)
• June 14 - Maximilian von Montgelas, Bavarian statesman (b. 1759)

July - December

• July 19 - Christmas Evans, preacher (b. 1766)
• August 17 - Lorenzo Da Ponte, librettist for Mozart (b. 1749)
• August 21 - Adelbert von Chamisso, German writer (b. 1781)
• September 1 - William Clark, American explorer (b. 1770)
• October 1 - Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist (b. 1768)
• November 21 - Georges Mouton, count of Lobau, Marshal of France (b. 1770)

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1838