1510s
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Events and trends

• Peter Henlein builds the first pocketwatch
• Battle of Orsha; Belarusians and Poles defeat the Russian army
• Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses on the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church
• Selim I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire conquers Palestine and Egypt, and declares himself Caliph
• Hernán Cortés lands in Mexico.
• Ferdinand Magellan leaves Europe to circumnavigate the world.
• First official diplomatic mission of a European power to China, commissioned by Manuel I of Portugal, carried by Fernao Pires de Andrade.

World leaders

• King Ferdinand II of Aragon (1479–1516)
• King Louis XII of France (1498–1515)
• Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1493–1519)
• Sultan Selim I (1465–1520)
• King James IV of Scotland (1488–1513)
• King Henry VIII of England