1238
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Events

Europe

• March 4 - Mongol invasion of Rus - Battle of the Sit River: The Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan defeat the Rus' under Yuri Vsevolodovich of Vladimir-Suzdal.
• August 21 - Battle of Örlygsstaðir: Sighvatur Sturluson and Sturla Sighvatsson defeat Kolbeinn ungi Arnorsson and Gissur Thorvaldsson for control of Iceland.
• September 28 - James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia from the Moors, who retreat to Granada.
• The seat of the patriarchate of Aquileia is transferred to Udine.
• Simon de Montfort marries Eleanor, sister of Henry III of England.
• The Mongols seize Moscow, at the time a small town.
• Peterborough Cathedral is consecrated.

Asia

• The Khmers are expelled from Luang Phrabang in Laos.
• The Sukhothai kingdom is founded in Thailand.

Births

• Nizamuddin Auliya, Indian Sufi saint (d. 1325)
• Theobald V of Champagne (approximate date; d. 1270)
• Frederick III, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1302)
• Meinhard II of Gorizia-Tyrol (d. 1295)
• Shri Madhvacharya, Vaishnavite saint and founder of the Dvaita School (d. 1317)
• Henry de Montfort, son of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (d. 1265)
• Magnus Lagabøte, king of Norway (d. 1280)

Deaths

• March 4 - Joan of England, Queen consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II of Scotland (b. 1210)
• March 4 - Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich of Vladimir-Suzdalia (b. 1189)
• March 19 - Duke Henry I of Poland (b. 1163)
• Al-Kamil, Ayyubid sultan of Egypt
• Hugh le Despenser I, English nobleman
• Peter des Roches, bishop of Winchester